改性生物炭对土壤有机碳及化学结构的影响

刘东明; 郭宇轩; 魏圆慧; 贾广昊; 丁文杰; 毛艳玲

文章摘要

改性生物炭对土壤有机碳及化学结构的影响

Effects of modified biochar on soil organic carbon and chemical structure

Received:November 01, 2023

DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2023.0683

中文关键词: 改性生物炭，纳米生物炭，土壤有机碳，有机碳化学结构，有机碳稳定性

英文关键词: modified biochar, nano biochar, soil organic carbon, organic carbon chemical structure, organic carbon stability

基金项目:中央财政林业科技推广示范项目（闽〔2023〕TG25号）；福建省财政厅项目（KKY22005XA）

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
LIU Dongming	College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China University Key Lab of Soil Ecosystem, Health, and Regulation of Fujian, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
GUO Yuxuan	College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China University Key Lab of Soil Ecosystem, Health, and Regulation of Fujian, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
WEI Yuanhui	College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China University Key Lab of Soil Ecosystem, Health, and Regulation of Fujian, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
JIA Guanghao	College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China University Key Lab of Soil Ecosystem, Health, and Regulation of Fujian, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
DING Wenjie	College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China University Key Lab of Soil Ecosystem, Health, and Regulation of Fujian, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
MAO Yanling	College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China University Key Lab of Soil Ecosystem, Health, and Regulation of Fujian, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China Fujian Colleges and University Engineering Research Institute of Conservation & Utilization of Natural Bioresources, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China	fafum@126.com

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中文摘要:

通过对生物炭进行改性来优化其表面性质，是强化碳在土壤中固持能力的新方法，因此明确改性生物炭对土壤有机碳及化学结构的影响十分必要。本研究以南方红壤为研究对象，对生物炭进行镁改性和用球磨法制备纳米生物炭并表征，采用盆栽试验，结合傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、X-射线光电子能谱（XPS）、固体¹³C核磁共振（¹³C NMR）技术研究生物炭改性对土壤有机碳含量及化学结构的影响。结果表明：生物炭改性后比表面积增大、孔隙结构更为丰富，镁改性使生物炭含氧官能团的比例提高，球磨后生物炭的芳香性提高。施用改性生物炭显著提高了土壤有机碳含量，与未改性生物炭相比，镁改性和纳米生物炭处理分别提高了45.26%和36.25%。FTIR、XPS、¹³C NMR分析结果表明镁改性生物炭和纳米生物炭的添加改变了土壤有机碳的化学结构，使含氧官能团比例增加，镁改性生物炭和纳米生物炭处理降低了烷氧碳和羰基碳的比例而增加了芳香碳和烷基碳的比例，提高了土壤有机碳的稳定性及复杂程度。研究表明，生物炭改性引起的表面官能团结构变化影响了土壤有机碳化学结构，促进了有机碳的稳定化，提高了土壤固碳能力。

英文摘要:

Modifying biochar to optimize its surface properties is a novel method to enhance the soil's carbon sequestration capacity. Therefore, the impact of modified biochar on soil organic carbon and chemical structure must be understood. This study focuses on red soil in southern China, where biochar is modified with magnesium and nano biochar is prepared and characterized by ball milling method. Pot experiments were conducted, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）, and solidstate ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance（¹³C NMR）techniques were employed to investigate biochar modification effects on soil organic carbon content and chemical structure. The results showed that the modification of biochar increased the specific surface area and enriched the pore structure; magnesium modification increased the proportion of oxygen-containing functional groups in biochar; and ball milling improved the aromaticity of biochar. The addition of modified biochar significantly increased the total organic carbon content of soil. Compared with non-modified biochar treatment, magnesium modified and nano biochar treatments increased by 45.26% and 36.25%, respectively. The analysis results of FTIR, XPS, and ¹³C NMR showed that the addition of magnesium modified and nano biochar changed the chemical structure of soil organic carbon, increased the proportion of oxygen-containing functional groups, and reduced the proportion of alkoxy carbon and carbonyl carbon while increasing the proportion of aromatic carbon and alkyl carbon and thereby improving the stability and complexity of soil organic carbon. The changes in surface functional group structure caused by biochar modification have affected the chemical structure of soil organic carbon, promoting the stabilization of organic carbon and enhancing soil carbon sequestration capacity.

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