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| 灌水量和矿化度对膜下滴灌棉花光合特性与产量的影响 |
| Effects of irrigation amount and salinity on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of cotton under drip irrigation |
| Received:June 19, 2024 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2024.0429 |
| 中文关键词: 棉花，膜下滴灌，灌水矿化度，灌水量，光合特性 |
| 英文关键词: cotton, mulched drip irrigation, mineralization of irrigation water, irrigation water amount, photosynthesis |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFD1900802）;兵团重点领域科技攻关项目（2022AB011）;国家自然科学基金项目（52169012，52369011）;石河子大学创新发展专项（CXFZ202201） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | QIN Xiaowan | College of Water Conservancy & Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
Key Laboratory of Modern Water-Saving Irrigation of Xinjiang Production & Construction Group, Shihezi 832003, China
Technology Innovation Center for Agricultural Water and Fertilizer Efficiency Equipment of Xinjiang Production & Construction Groups, Shihezi 832003, China
Key Laboratory of Water Conservation Agriculture in Northwest Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shihezi 832003, China | | | WANG Zhenhua | College of Water Conservancy & Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
Key Laboratory of Modern Water-Saving Irrigation of Xinjiang Production & Construction Group, Shihezi 832003, China
Technology Innovation Center for Agricultural Water and Fertilizer Efficiency Equipment of Xinjiang Production & Construction Groups, Shihezi 832003, China
Key Laboratory of Water Conservation Agriculture in Northwest Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shihezi 832003, China | | | LEI Yu | College of Water Conservancy & Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
Water Resources Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830099, China | xjsltly@163.com | | ZHANG Jinzhu | College of Water Conservancy & Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
Key Laboratory of Modern Water-Saving Irrigation of Xinjiang Production & Construction Group, Shihezi 832003, China
Technology Innovation Center for Agricultural Water and Fertilizer Efficiency Equipment of Xinjiang Production & Construction Groups, Shihezi 832003, China
Key Laboratory of Water Conservation Agriculture in Northwest Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shihezi 832003, China | xjshzzjz@sina.cn | | LI Wenhao | College of Water Conservancy & Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
Key Laboratory of Modern Water-Saving Irrigation of Xinjiang Production & Construction Group, Shihezi 832003, China
Technology Innovation Center for Agricultural Water and Fertilizer Efficiency Equipment of Xinjiang Production & Construction Groups, Shihezi 832003, China
Key Laboratory of Water Conservation Agriculture in Northwest Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shihezi 832003, China | | | MA Zhanli | College of Water Conservancy & Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
Key Laboratory of Modern Water-Saving Irrigation of Xinjiang Production & Construction Group, Shihezi 832003, China
Technology Innovation Center for Agricultural Water and Fertilizer Efficiency Equipment of Xinjiang Production & Construction Groups, Shihezi 832003, China
Key Laboratory of Water Conservation Agriculture in Northwest Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shihezi 832003, China | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究膜下滴灌棉花光合特性和产量对灌水矿化度和灌水量响应机制，本研究于2023年以“新陆早48号”为研究对象开展田间小区试验，设置4 500 m3·hm-2（W1）和3 600 m3·hm-2（W2）2个灌水量和1（S1）、3 g·L-1（S2）和5 g·L-1（S3）3个灌水矿化度，分析其对棉花光合特性及产量的影响。结果表明，充分灌溉下适量的微咸水灌溉可以增加棉花叶面积指数（LAI）、叶绿素含量（SPAD值）、净光合速率（Pn）、蒸腾速率（Tr）、气孔导度（Gs）、光能利用效率（LUE）和气孔限制值（Ls），降低胞间CO2浓度（Ci）；而非充分灌溉或高矿化度均会增加Ci，减小LAI、SPAD值、Pn、Tr、Gs、LUE和Ls。与S2W1相比，S2W2处理的叶片水分利用效率在苗期和花铃期显著提高3.19%和14.79%；S2W1处理棉花产量（4 957 kg·hm-2）较S1W1（4 887 kg·hm-2）显著提高1.43%，S3W2处理（4 173kg·hm-2）显著提高18.79%。通径分析结果显示，花铃期LAI、Pn及Ls对产量的直接贡献最大，Gs通过LAI、Pn、LUE及Ls等对产量的间接贡献最大。研究表明，在充分灌溉（4 500 m3·hm-2）条件下当矿化度为3 g·L-1时棉花叶面积指数和叶绿素达到最大值，促进叶片光合作用且光能利用率保持最高，最终实现棉花增产。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore the response mechanism of photosynthetic characteristics and yield of cotton to irrigation salinity and irrigation amount under mulched drip irrigation. The field plot experiment was carried out with“Xinluzao 48”as the research object in 2023. Two irrigation amounts of 4 500 m3·hm-2（ W1）and 3 600 m3·hm-2（W2）and three irrigation salinities of 1（S1）, 3 g·L-1（S2）and 5 g·L-1（S3）were set to analyze their effects on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of cotton. The results showed that under adequate irrigation, appropriate brackish water irrigation can increase leaf area index（LAI）, chlorophyll content（SPAD）, net photosynthetic rate （Pn）, transpiration rate（Tr）, stomatal conductance（Gs）, light use efficiency（LUE）and stomatal limitation values（Ls）, while reducing intercellular CO2 concentration（Ci）. Inadequate irrigation or high salinity will increase Ci, decrease LAI, SPAD, Pn, Tr, Gs, LUE and Ls. Compared with S2W1 treatment, S2W2 treatment increased the leaf water use efficiency by 3.19% and 14.79% at seedling and flowering and boll stage. The seed cotton yield of S2W1（4 957 kg·hm-2）was significantly higher than that of S1W1（4 887 kg·hm-2）, and S3W2 （4 173 kg·hm-2）with increases of 1.43% and 18.79%. The results of path analysis showed that LAI, Pn and Ls at flowering and boll stage had the greatest direct contribution to yield, and Gs had the greatest indirect contribution to yield mainly through LAI, Pn LUE and Ls. The leaf area index and chlorophyll of cotton treated with S2W1 were the largest, which promoted the photosynthesis and light energy utilization rate of leaves to maintain the highest, ultimately increasing the yield of cotton. |
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