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| 地标农产品产地环境规划与布局初探 |
| Environmental planning and layout of production area of agricultural products with geographical indication tags |
| Received:April 15, 2023 Revised:July 13, 2023 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2023.0236 |
| 中文关键词: 地理标志，农产品，环境规划，产业链布局，生态农业 |
| 英文关键词: geographical indication, agricultural products, environmental planning, industry chain layout, ecological agriculture |
| 基金项目:中国农业科学院科技创新工程 (2023-CAAS-CXGC-SRG) |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | XIA Wei | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China | | | WANG Yu | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China | | | MA Siliang | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China | | | MA Tiantian | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China | | | SHI Rongguang | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China | winsomesky@163.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 地标农产品是从众多农产品中脱颖而出的明星，也是地方发展的“金字招牌”。地标农产品的发展，对区域环境的保护、传统文化及技艺的传承具有重要意义。由于产地自然、人文资源及政治、经济因素的影响，我国地标农产品具有分布不平均、发展不平衡的特点，很多地区仍然存在地标产品公众认知度低、影响力弱等现象。为了推动地标农产品的高质量发展，本文追溯地标农产品的发展历程，围绕地标农产品与产地环境之间的联系展开分析，综合现有的地标农产品产地环境区划方案和前人研究结果，对地标农产品的产地环境进行划分及规划研究，并对地标农产品的产业链布局进行深入探讨。结果表明，地标农产品产地的气候特征、地形地貌、土壤条件和水资源条件等地理要素影响着地标农产品的生产安全、品类分布和风味特色，其人文历史赋予了地标农产品所承载的文化内涵。根据地标农产品产地环境质量标准及地标农产品的生产优势，可以将其分为绿色多优势产品产区、无公害多优势产品产区、绿色少优势产品产区、无公害少优势产品产区。地标农产品的生产应当因地制宜，生态农业技术适用于多种类型产地环境的改良，有利于农业生态系统功能的提升。种质资源的开发与保护有利于提升地标农产品的物种多样性，促进地标农产品的多元化发展。提升产业链能级、实现产业链融合是未来地标农产品产业链的布局方向，激活产业集群效应，加强对地标农产品生产的监管和保护，构建政府、企业与农户之间的利益共享和互促机制，可以促进我国地标农产品发展水平的提升，增强地标农产品的竞争优势。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Geographical indication（GI）tags help some agricultural products to be noticed among numerous agricultural commodities and serve as the“golden signboard”for local development. The evolution of GI agricultural products has played a significant role in the preservation of regional environments as well as the perpetuation of traditional cultures and skills. Influenced by factors such as geographical and cultural resources and political and economic conditions, the distribution and development of GI agricultural products in China is not even. Many regions have low public awareness and weak influence of their GI products. This study aimed to promote the highquality development of GI agricultural products by tracing the development trajectory of these products with a special focus on the relationship between GI agricultural products and the environment of the production area. We integrated existing zoning schemes for the production areas of GI agricultural products with the results of previous studies. Subsequently, we classified the production environments of GI agricultural products, conducted planning research, and investigated the layout of supply chain of different GI agricultural product industries. Our findings indicate that geographical factors, such as climate characteristics, topography, soil conditions, and water resources,of the production areas affect the safety, category distribution, and flavor characteristics of GI agricultural products. The cultural connotations carried by GI agricultural products are endowed by the human history of their production areas. Based on the environmental quality standards of GI agricultural product production areas and the corresponding advantages of their production, we divided the production environments into four categories： green multi-advantage product areas, pollution-free multi-advantage product areas, green few-advantage product areas, and pollution-free few-advantage product areas. The production of GI agricultural products should be tailored to local conditions of the production area. Ecological agricultural technology can help improve different production environments, which can enhance agricultural ecosystem functions. Furthermore, the development and protection of germplasm resources can enhance the species diversity of GI agricultural products and promote their development. Some practices to promote the development level of GI agricultural products in China and enhance their competitive advantage include elevating the energy level of the industry chain, achieving industry chain integration, activating the cluster effect of the industry, strengthening the supervision and protection of GI agricultural product production, and constructing a mutual promotion and benefit-sharing mechanism among the government, enterprises, and farmers. |
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