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| 施用有机肥对盐碱土的改良效果：Meta分析 |
| Effects of organic fertilizer application on the improvement of saline soils： Meta analysis |
| Received:December 26, 2021 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2021.0892 |
| 中文关键词: 有机肥，Meta分析，土壤养分，土壤盐分，盐碱土 |
| 英文关键词: organic fertilizers, Meta-analysis, soil nutrients, soil salinity, saline soils |
| 基金项目:新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项（2020A01003） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LIU Guohui | Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China | | | MAI Wenxuan | Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China | | | TIAN Changyan | Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China | tianchy@ms.xjb.ac.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 施加有机肥是改良盐碱土的重要手段之一，但不同地域、施用方法及盐渍化程度下的研究结果存在明显差异。为综合评估这一措施对盐碱土的改良效果，本研究收集整合了2021年11月30日之前公开发表的文献数据，建立了包含790组相对独立数据的数据库，利用Meta分析方法就不同有机肥施加方式（有机肥单施、有机肥与无机肥配施）、施用年限（1a和≥2a）对不同盐渍化程度（轻度、中度、重度）盐碱土的改良效果进行了综合分析。结果表明，施用有机肥对盐碱土有明显的改良效果，具体表现在：（1）土壤养分水平明显提高，其有机质、碱解氮、速效钾、有效磷含量比不施肥处理分别提高了33.41%、46.70%、19.65%和81.27%；（2）土壤结构得到改善，容重降低了6.53%，含水率提高了15.52%；（3）土壤盐渍化水平降低，电导率、碱化度和pH值分别降低了43.09%、20.34%和5.22%；（4）作物的产量显著提高，增幅为41.78%。总体来看，单施有机肥更有利于土壤养分的提高，而有机肥与无机肥配施对土壤盐分的降低和土壤结构的改善作用更加明显，施加有机肥对中度盐碱土的改良效果优于轻度和重度盐碱土。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The application of organic fertilizers is important for improving saline-alkali soils; however, there are significant differences in the results of studies investigating different regions, application methods, and salinity levels. To comprehensively assess the effect of fertilizer application on improving saline-alkali soils, this study collected and integrated data from the published literature until November 30, 2021, and established a database containing 790 sets of relatively independent data. Meta-analysis was used to analyze the effect of different organic fertilizer application methods（organic fertilizer alone, organic and inorganic fertilizer in combination）and application periods（1 a, and ≥2 a）on the improvement of saline-alkali soils with different degrees of salinity（mild, moderate, and severe）. The results showed that the application of organic fertilizers had a substantial effect on the development of saline-alkali soils, as indicated by the following：（1）the nutrients in soil increased significantly, with the soil organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available potassium, and available phosphorous contents increasing by 33.41%, 46.70%, 19.65%, and 81.27%, respectively, compared with those in treatments without fertilizers;（2）the soil structure improved, the soil bulk density decreased by 6.53%, and the soil moisture content increased by 15.52%;（3）the soil salinization level decreased, and its electrical conductivity, exchange sodium percentage, and pH decreased by 43.09%, 20.54%, and 5.22%, respectively; and（4）there was a significant increase in crop yield（41.78%）. Overall, the application of organic fertilizers alone was more beneficial for improving soil nutrients, while the combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers had a more marked effect on the reduction of soil salinity and enhancement of soil structure. The application of organic fertilizer was more effective at improving moderately saline-alkaline soils than mild and severe salinity soils. |
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