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| 不同优化平衡施肥措施对冬小麦田间群体微环境的影响 |
| Effects of different optimum and balanced fertilization practices on micro-environment within winter wheat's group |
| Received:November 03, 2017 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2017.0266 |
| 中文关键词: 平衡施肥，冬小麦，群体，微环境，影响 |
| 英文关键词: optimum and balanced fertilization practice, winter wheat, group, micro-environment, effects |
| 基金项目:河南省农业科学院优秀青年科技基金项目（2013YQ15）；国家自然科学基金项目（31301284）；国家重点研发专项（2017YFD0201702）；河南省商品粮大省奖励资金示范推广项目（20170018）；河南省肉牛产业技术体系建设专项资金项目（SJ2018006） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | NIE Sheng-wei | Institute of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Resources, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China | | ZHANG Qiao-ping | Institute of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Resources, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China | | ZHANG Yu-ting | Institute of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Resources, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China | | BAO De-jun | Institute of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Resources, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以长期不施肥（CK）为对照，研究氮磷钾配施（NPK）、氮磷钾与有机肥配施（NPKM）、氮磷钾与秸秆还田配施（NPKS）的优化平衡施肥措施对冬小麦田间群体微环境的影响。结果表明，与CK相比，NPK、NPKM、NPKS施肥措施能够有效降低灌浆期小麦群体的冠层温度和拔节期、灌浆期群体内地表温度，获得较高的籽粒产量。不同优化平衡施肥措施对温度影响依次为NPKM > NPK > NPKS。小麦灌浆期，2014年NPK、NPKM、NPKS处理的冠层温度比CK处理低3.53~4.04℃；小麦拔节期，NPK、NPKM、NPKS处理的群体内地表温度比CK处理低10.56~11.78℃（2013年）、0.41~4.60℃（2014年），灌浆期比CK处理低8.32~11.14℃（2013年）、6.79~9.30℃（2014年）。此外，平衡施肥措施对群体内环境CO2浓度有一定的调节效果，对群体内相对湿度调节不明显。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The effects of different optimum and balanced fertilization practices including NPK(Inorganic N and P and K fertilizer), NPKM(inorganic N, P, and K fertilizer with manure), and NPKS(inorganic N, P, and K fertilizer with manure straw), on micro-environment within winter wheat's group was studied. The results showed that,compared with CK(no fertilizer),NPK, NPKM, and NPKS treatments could effectively reduce the winter wheat's group canopy temperature at filling stage, surface ground temperature at elongation stage and filling stage, and obtain higher grain yields;and the influence order was NPKM > NPK > NPKS. At filling stage, wheat's canopy temperature of NPK,NPKM, and NPKS treatment was reduced by 3.53~4.04℃ in 2014 compared with CK; likely, wheat group inner ground temperature at elongation stage was reduced by 10.56~11.78℃ in 2013 and 0.41~4.60℃ in 2014, respectively, and 8.32~11.14℃ in 2013 and 6.79~9.30℃ in 2014 of wheat group inner ground temperature at filling stage was reduced. Additionally, NPK, NPKM, and NPKS practices had quite little influences on carbon dioxide(CO2) contents within the wheat's group and had no significant effects on relative humidity within the wheat's group. |
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