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| 西北半干旱荒漠草原与耕地土壤可培养微生物多样性及分布特征比较 |
| Diversity and Distribution of Culturable Microbial Communities of Semiarid Desert Steppe and Cultivated Land in Northwestern China |
| Received:October 28, 2015 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2015.0257 |
| 中文关键词: 荒漠草原;可培养微生物;多样性;16SrDNA |
| 英文关键词: desert steppe;culturable microbes;diversity;16S rDNA |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(31272694);中国石油天然气股份有限公司天然气与管道分公司科研项目(2014D-4610-0501) |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LI Yan-lin | Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
Renewable Energy and Environmental Engineering,College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China | | | CHEN Ji-xiang | Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China | betcen@163.com | | ZHOU Yong-tao | Petrochina Beijing Gas Pipeline Co Ltd, Beijing 100101, China | | | YANG Zhi | Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
Renewable Energy and Environmental Engineering,College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China | | | WANG Yong-gang | Renewable Energy and Environmental Engineering,College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China | | | ZHANG Ji-yi | Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China | | | YUE Liang | Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用稀释涂布平板、分离培养和16SrDNA序列分析法对我国甘肃白银地区半干旱荒漠草原土壤可培养细菌、放线菌、真菌数量及群落分布特征进行了分析,比较了荒漠草原和耕地土壤微生物多样性。发现荒漠草原土壤可培养细菌、放线菌、真菌数量分别为1.23×106、0.19×106、0.18×106cfu·g-1,耕地三类微生物数量分别是3.03×106、0.53×106、0.05×106cfu·g-1。荒漠草原可培养细菌、放线菌数量明显低于耕地,而真菌数量高于耕地。从荒漠草原分离出14株细菌,分别属于γ-变形菌纲(γ-Proteobacteria)噬冷杆菌属(Psychrobacter),放线菌门(Actinobacteria)皮球菌属(Kytococcus),厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、亮氨酸芽孢杆菌属(Lysinibacillus)、土壤芽孢杆菌属(Solibacillus)、气球菌属(Aerococcus),优势菌为芽孢杆菌属和噬冷杆菌属。耕地分离出可培养细菌19株,分别属于ɑ-变形菌纲(ɑ-Proteobacteri)根瘤菌属(Rhizobium)、中华根瘤菌属(Sinorhizobium),γ-变形菌纲(γ-Proteobacteria)假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas),厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus),放线菌门(Actinobacteria)微杆菌属(Microbacterium)、节杆菌属(Arthrobacter)、微球菌属(Micrococcus)、考克氏菌属(Kocuria),以放线菌门细菌为主(占57.9%)。从荒漠草原分离放线菌共8株,分别属于链霉菌属(Atreptomyces)、小单孢菌属(Micromonspora)、间孢囊菌属(Intrasporangium),而耕地主要为链霉菌属(Atreptomyces)、小单孢菌属(Micromonspora)。荒漠草原真菌主要是交链孢霉属(Alternaria)、芽枝霉属(Cladosporium),耕地土壤真菌包括青霉属(Penicillium)、交链孢霉属(Alternaria)、曲霉属(Aspergillus)、毛霉属(Mucor)、链孢霉属(Coniothecium)。试验结果表明,荒漠草原与耕地土壤微生物都具有较丰富的多样性,但微生物群落结构存在一定差异,同一区域不同深度土壤中微生物数量和种类也存在差异,耕地土壤微生物多样性明显高于荒漠草原。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The diversity and community distribution of culturable bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi in semiarid desert steppe in northwestern part of China were studied by using dilution plate count, clone isolation and 16S rDNA sequence analysis methods. The results showed that the numbers of culturable bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi of desert steppe were 1.23×106 cfu·g-1, 0.19×106 cfu·g-1 and 0.18×106 cfu·g-1, respectively, compared with those of the cultivated land, whose numbers were 3.03×106 cfu·g-1, 0.53×106 cfu·g-1 and 0.05×106 cfu·g-1 respectively. The numbers of culturable bacteria and actinomycetes in the desert steppe soil were lower than those of the cultivated land, while the fungal number in desert steppe soil was higher than that of the cultivated land. A total of 14 bacterial strains were isolated from the desert steppe soil. The strains belonged to the following three phyla：γ-Proteobacteria（Psychrobacter）, Actinobacteria（Kytococcus）, and Firmicutes（Bacillus, Lysinibacillus, Solibacillus, Aerococcus）. Among which Bacillus and Psychrobacter were the predominant genus. Nineteen bacterial strains were isolated from the cultivated land and were further affiliated to four phyla：ɑ-Proteobacteri（Rhizobium, Sinorhizobium）, γ-Proteobacteria（Pseudomonas）, Firmicutes（Bacillus） and Actinobacteria（Microbacterium, Arthrobacter, Micrococcus, Kocuria）. Actinobacteria was the predominant phylum（occupied 57.9%）. A total of 8 actinomycetes strains were isolated from the desert steppe soil and were identified to belong to three phylogenetic groups：Atreptomyces, Micromonspora, Intrasporangium. And Atreptomyces, Micromonspora were the dominant communities in cultivated land. The fungi strains from the desert steppe were identified and designated as Alternaria and Cladosporium. But Penicillium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Mucor and Coniothecium were isolated from cultivated land. The results indicated that the microbial diversities of the desert steppe and cultivated land were abundant and different. The microbial numbers and community distributions changed at different depths in the same area. The culturable microbial communities of the cultivated land were more abundant than those of the desert steppe soils. |
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