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| 不同秸秆还田方式对烟稻轮作土壤细菌群落多样性和结构的影响 |
| Effects of different straw return modes on bacterial diversity and community structure in tobacco – rice rotation soil |
| Received:April 05, 2023 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2023.0206 |
| 中文关键词: 秸秆还田，烟稻轮作，土壤细菌，群落结构 |
| 英文关键词: straw return, tobacco–rice rotation, soil bacteria, community structure |
| 基金项目:福建省烟草公司南平市公司科技项目（NYK2022-02-03） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | FANG Tilei | College of Resources and Environment, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | | | LI Xiaolong | Shaowu Branch of Nanping Tobacco Company, Shaowu 354000, China | | | LIU Gaofeng | Shaowu Branch of Nanping Tobacco Company, Shaowu 354000, China | | | XIE Haibin | Shaowu Branch of Nanping Tobacco Company, Shaowu 354000, China | | | QIU Bo | Baoji Cigarette Factor of China Tobacco Shaanxi Industrial Corporation, Baoji 721000, China | | | LIU Zhiqi | Baoji Cigarette Factor of China Tobacco Shaanxi Industrial Corporation, Baoji 721000, China | | | JIAO Jiaguo | College of Resources and Environment, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China | | | ZHANG Shixiang | Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China Tobacco Corporation, Zhengzhou 450001, China | | | YU Jianguang | College of Resources and Environment, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | yujg@jaas.ac.cn | | HUANG Derong | Shaowu Branch of Nanping Tobacco Company, Shaowu 354000, China | cc101@qq.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究不同秸秆（烟秆和稻秸）还田方式下烟稻轮作土壤细菌多样性和群落组成的变化特征及其影响因子，设置对照（CK）、改良剂（BP）、烟秆/稻秸直接还田（S0）、烟秆/稻秸-牛粪堆腐物还田（S1）、烟秆/稻秸-菜籽饼堆腐物还田（S2）以及还田物与改良剂配施（S0BP、S1BP、S2BP）处理进行烟草-水稻轮作盆栽试验，采用16S rRNA高通量测序技术对土壤细菌群落结构组成进行分析。结果表明：秸秆直接还田与秸秆还田配施改良剂还田能有效改善土壤理化性质；秸秆还田配施改良剂显著提高了细菌群落丰度，S1BP处理的细菌群落丰度最高；各处理对土壤细菌群落多样性指数没有显著影响。土壤中优势菌门是变形菌门（Proteobacteria，16.42%~26.01%）、绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi，15.62%~20.46%）、酸杆菌门（Acidobacteriota，8.71%~15.86%）、放线菌门（Actinobacteriota，7.08%~11.47%）和厚壁菌门（Firmicutes，7.29%~11.74%）。秸秆还田显著提高了变形菌门（Proteobacteria）和拟杆菌门（Bacteroidota）的相对丰度；与秸秆还田相比，秸秆还田配施改良剂显著提高了拟杆菌门（Bacteroidota）和脱硫杆菌门（Desulfobacterota）的相对丰度，显著降低了酸杆菌门（Acidobacteriota）和放线菌门（Actinobacteriota）的相对丰度。进一步的冗余分析和聚类热图分析表明，土壤pH、最小持水量、孔隙度、速效钾含量、溶解性有机碳含量、微生物生物量碳含量与脱硫杆菌门（Desulfobacterota）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）和拟杆菌门（Bacteroidota）相对丰度呈正相关关系，与硝化螺旋杆菌门（Nitrospirota）、放线菌门（Actinobacteriota）、酸杆菌门（Acidobacteriota）和装甲菌门（Armatimonadota）相对丰度呈负相关关系，是影响土壤细菌群落结构的主要环境因子。研究表明，烟草和水稻秸秆直接还田及其与改良剂配施还田均可改善土壤理化性质，并有利于提高土壤细菌群落的丰度。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the changes of soil bacterial diversity and community composition in tobacco-rice rotation soil under different straw return methods, control（CK）, amendment（BP）, undisturbed straw return（S0）, straw-cow manure compost return（S1）, straw-rapeseed cake compost return（S2）, and these combined with amendment（S0BP, S1BP, S2BP）conditions were set up in a tobacco-rice rotation pot experiment. The composition of the soil bacterial community was analyzed using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology. The results of the experiment showed that direct straw return and straw return with amendment can effectively improve soil physical and chemical properties. Straw return combined with amendments significantly increased bacterial community abundance. The S1BP treatment resulted in the highest bacterial community abundance. Each treatment had no significant effect on the soil bacterial community diversity index. Proteobacteria（16.42%-26.01%）, Chloroflexi（15.62%-20.46%）, Acidobacteriota（8.71%-15.86%）, Actinobacteriota（7.08%- 11.47%）and Firmicutes（7.29%-11.74%）were the predominant phyla of soil bacterial communities. However, straw return significantly increased the relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota. Compared with straw return, the straw return with amendment treatments significantly increased the relative abundances of Bacteroidota and Desulfobacterota but markedly decreased the abundances of Acidobacteriota and Actinobacteriota. Furthermore, soil pH, minimum water holding capacity, soil porosity, available potassium, dissolved organic carbon, and microbial biomass carbon content were the main factors affecting bacterial community structure, which had a positive correlation with Desulfobacterota, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidota but a negative correlation with Nitrospirota, Actinobacteriota, Acidobacteriota, and Armatimonadota. In summary, returning tobacco and rice straw directly or in combination with amendments can improve soil physicochemical properties and increase the abundance of soil bacterial communities. |
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