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| 藻类资源在农业种植业中的应用研究进展 |
| Research progress in the application of algal resources in agriculture: a review |
| Received:August 18, 2022 Revised:October 11, 2022 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2022.0563 |
| 中文关键词: 藻类资源，生物肥料，生物刺激剂，作用机制，农业 |
| 英文关键词: algal resource, biofertilizer, biostimulant, role mechanism, agriculture |
| 基金项目:深圳市科技创新委计划项目（WDZC20200818183253001，KCXFZ20201221173211033）；深圳市规划与自然资源局项目（2021[735]号）；清华大学深圳国际研究生院交叉基金项目（JC2021002） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | QIU Zhichao | Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China | | | GOU Yuchun | Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China | | | ZHANG Zhipeng | Shenzhen Batian Ecotypic Engineering Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518055, China | | | WANG Zongkang | Shenzhen Batian Ecotypic Engineering Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518055, China | | | MENG Pinpin | Shenzhen Batian Ecotypic Engineering Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518055, China | | | ZHOU Jin | Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China | | | JIANG Yuelu | Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China | jiang.yuelu@sz.tsinghua.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 随着人们对海洋生物资源研究的日益关注，藻类生物资源的挖掘也越来越受到重视，近年来其在农业领域的应用和价值也日益凸显。目前，人们对藻类资源在农业中的应用研究主要集中在对藻类生物肥料和生物刺激剂的探索，即为农作物寻找新的肥料来源，但对其作用机制的研究还缺乏总结。为此，本文综述了国内外相关研究进展，重点介绍了藻类资源在农业种植业中的利用，阐述了藻类细胞及其产物在农业工程中的应用与发展，包括藻类作为生物肥料和生物刺激剂、藻类资源在农业环境修复以及农作物产品保鲜等方面的应用。此外，本文还总结了藻类资源在农业应用中的主要机理：①藻类的固碳、固氮以及解磷作用，可提高土壤营养物质含量，调节土壤微生物活力，促进植物生长；②藻类分泌的胞外聚合物有助于改善土壤荒漠化及盐碱化，降低农药污染风险和提高土壤肥料利用效率；③藻类细胞的生物吸附性有助于重金属污染土壤的修复；④海藻多糖的抑菌、抗病毒和保鲜功能等。总而言之，藻类资源在农业种植业中具有广阔的应用前景和巨大的开发价值。未来的研究应着眼于藻类细胞活性物质的促生长机理和藻类资源的田间规模评价，重视分子生物学技术的应用，挖掘更多样化的藻类应用潜力，为藻类生物质的开发和农业可持续发展提供理论依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Along with growing attention on the utilization and development of marine bio-resources, algal resources have gained increasing attention and present a positive future, especially in agriculture. However, research on microalgae applications in agriculture is scarce and mainly focuses on finding new sources of fertilizers, such as algal biofertilizers and algal biostimulants. In addition, understanding the mechanisms related to their positive effects in agriculture is lacking. In this study, research progress on the application and development of microalgae bioresources in agriculture were analyzed and reviewed, including their application as biofertilizers, biostimulants, and crop fresh-keeping agents. Additionally, the related mechanisms were also noted in this study. Studies have shown that algae biofertilizers and biostimulants can improve the fertility of soils and hasten the growth of plants through photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation, and phosphate solubilization. In addition, the extracellular polymeric substances of microalgae can help solve environmental problems. Moreover, the high adsorption capacity of microalgae cells can help restore heavy metal contaminated soil. Marine algal polysaccharides can be used as crop fresh-keeping agents due to their antibacterial, antiviral, and fresh-keeping properties. In general, algal resources are widely used in agriculture and have broad prospects. In future studies on the application of algal resources, we should focus on exploring the growth promotion mechanisms of the bioactive substances in algae, determining the effects of applications on soil ecology in the field, identifying the related molecular mechanisms using modern biological techniques, and developing a broader spectrum of algae that can be used, with the ultimate goal of serving the development of sustainable agriculture. |
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