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| 表土替代材料不同夹层位置对风沙土水分入渗和蒸发的影响 |
| Effects of different layer positions of topsoil alternatives on infiltration and evaporation of sandy soil water |
| Received:July 29, 2021 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2021.0468 |
| 中文关键词: 土壤重构，表土替代材料，入渗，蒸发，夹层土壤 |
| 英文关键词: soil reconstruction, topsoil alternatives, infiltration, evaporation, layered soil |
| 基金项目:河南省哲学社会科学规划项目（2019CJJ096）；中原工学院基本科研业务费用专项（K2020YY020） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | RONG Ying | The Research Center of System and Industrial Technology, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 451191, China | | | WANG Chun | National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resource and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an 271000, China | | | HU Zhenqi | School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China | huzq1963@163.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究表土替代材料不同夹层位置对风沙土水分入渗和蒸发过程的影响，以风沙土和由风沙土、红黏土、煤矸石、玉米秸秆和腐植酸5种材料重构的表土替代材料为研究对象，通过室内土柱试验，设置3种不同夹层位置（T1、T2、T3，分别距离土表5、10、15 cm），以传统均质土壤剖面为对照（CK），研究了不同夹层位置对入渗率、湿润锋运移、累积入渗量、累积蒸发量及土壤水分分布的影响。结果表明：CK、T1、T2、T3处理的平均入渗率分别为3.714、0.238、0.182、0.271 mm·min-1，入渗率随着夹层深度的增加呈先减小后增加的趋势；当湿润锋在土柱中完成运移时，CK、T1、T2、T3处理的入渗时间分别为56、860、1 190、810 min，即随着夹层深度的增加，入渗时间呈先延长后缩短的趋势。与CK相比，T1、T2、T3处理的累积蒸发量分别减少13.57%、9.83%、9.52%，即累积蒸发量随夹层深度的增加而逐渐增加，水分蒸发损失主要来自夹层上部和下部风沙土，夹层部分含水率变化幅度较小。Kostiakov入渗模型和Rose蒸发模型拟合的R2均在0.91以上，说明两种模型适合描述含表土替代材料夹层土壤水分入渗及蒸发过程。研究表明，在风沙土中10 cm深度处夹15 cm厚度的表土替代材料层，是西部露天矿区排土场土壤剖面重构的理想选择。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To examine the effects of the layer positions of topsoil alternatives on sandy soil water infiltration and evaporation, soil column simulation experiments were conducted on sandy soil and topsoil alternatives composed of sand soil, red clay, coal gangue, corn straw, and humic acid. Three-layer positions of topsoil alternatives were designed at 5(T1), 10 cm(T2), and 15 cm(T3)below the soil surface, respectively, and using one traditional homogeneous soil profile as the control(CK). Infiltration rate, wetting front, cumulative infiltration, cumulative evaporation, and volumtric moisture content were investigated during the experiment. The results showed that the average infiltration rate of CK、T1、T2、T3 was 3.714, 0.238, 0.182 mm·min-1, and 0.271 mm·min-1, respectively, which indicated infiltration rate increased and then decreased with the increasing depth of the layer position. The infiltration time of CK、T1、T2、T3 was 56, 860, 1 190 min, and 810 min at the end time of infiltration, respectively, which indicated that infiltration time prolonged and then decreased with the increasing of depth of the layer position. The cumulative evaporation decreased by 13.57%、9.83%、9.52% for T1~T3 treatments contrast to CK, respectively, which indicated the cumulative evaporation gradually increased with the increasing depth of the layer position.Water evaporation loss in the layer structure was mainly from the upper and lower parts of the topsoil alternatives layer, while the volumtric moisture content of the topsoil alternatives layer had a small change range. The R2 of the fitted Kostiakov infiltration model and Rose evaporation model were above 0.91, which indicated that the two models were suitable for describing the water infiltration and evaporation process of interlayer soil containing topsoil alternatives. The study indicated that it was the optimal choice for soil profile reconstruction of dump sites in western open-pit mines when 15 cm thick topsoil alternatives were at 10 cm below the soil surface in the sandy soil. |
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