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| 养殖肥水施用对土壤氨挥发的影响及响应因素 |
| Effect of slurry application on soil ammonia volatilization and response factors |
| Received:November 29, 2019 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2019.0585 |
| 中文关键词: 养殖肥水，氨挥发，正交试验，影响因素 |
| 英文关键词: slurry, ammonia volatilization, orthogonal experiment, influence factor |
| 基金项目:公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201503106） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | FU Li | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China | | | WANG Gui-yun | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China | | | DU Hui-ying | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China | duhuiying2008@163.com | | ZHANG Ke-qiang | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 养殖肥水农田施用是一种有效的绿色循环模式，肥水施用会影响土壤氨挥发，而土壤氨挥发受肥水含氮量、温度、土壤含水量和pH等多种因素共同影响。本研究采用室内培养的方法，研究肥水施氮量、温度、pH和土壤含水量四个因素对土壤氨挥发的影响，筛选实验条件下适宜的养殖肥水施用条件。结果表明，四个因素对土壤氨挥发累积量的影响大小依次为：施氮量 > 温度 > pH > 土壤含水量，其中，土壤氨挥发与施氮量、温度、pH均呈显著正相关关系，氨挥发累积量随着施氮量、温度、pH的升高而升高。在温度15~35℃、土壤含水量60%~80%、pH 6~8、施氮量60~120 kg N·hm-2的范围内，降低土壤氨挥发的理想条件为：施氮量75.58 kg N·hm-2，温度15.48℃，pH 6.22，土壤含水量为田间持水量的60.63%。考虑实际情况，温度25℃时，降低土壤氨挥发的肥水施用条件为：施氮量64.98 kg N·hm-2，pH 6.02，土壤含水量为田间持水量的73.42%。研究多因素耦合对土壤氨挥发的影响，能够提高氮素利用率，为养殖肥水安全回用提供了科学方法和理论依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Slurry application is an effective green circulation mode. Soil ammonia volatilization is influenced by various factors including slurry nitrogen content, temperature, water content, and pH. The effect of four factors, amount of nitrogen, temperature, pH, and water content, on the soil ammonia volatilization was studied. The results showed that soil ammonia volatilization was affected by the application of nitrogen > the temperature > pH > the water content. In addition, ammonia volatilization was positively correlated with the amount of nitrogen, temperature, and pH. In the range of temperature 15~35℃, soil water content 60%~80%, pH 6~8, and nitrogen application 60~120 kg N·hm-2, the ideal experimental conditions for reducing soil ammonia volatilization were:75.58 kg N·hm-2 of nitrogen application, temperature of 15.48℃, pH of 6.22, and 60.63% of the field water holding capacity. Considering the actual conditions, when temperature is 25℃, the application conditions of the fertilizer for reducing soil ammonia volatilization are:64.98 kg N·hm-2 of nitrogen application, pH of 6.02, and 73.42% of the water holding capacity in the field. This paper studies the effect of multi-factor coupling on ammonia volatilization in soil, improves nitrogen utilization efficiency, selects suitable conditions for slurry application under experimental conditions, and provides a scientific model and theoretical data for the safe reuse of slurry. |
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