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| 蚯蚓生物消解尾菜废弃物工艺参数优化 |
| Optimization of parameters of earthworm digestion of vegetable waste |
| Received:December 25, 2018 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2018.0384 |
| 中文关键词: 尾菜废弃物，蚯蚓，物料消解率，影响因子，参数优化 |
| 英文关键词: vegetable waste, earthworms, material digestion rate, influence factor, parameter optimization |
| 基金项目:江苏省重点研发计划项目（BE2018387-3）；苏州市科技计划项目（SNG201646） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | WANG Hai-hou | Taihu Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Key Scientific Observation & Experiment Station Paddy Field for Eco-environment, Suzhou, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Suzhou 215155, China | | | MENG Xiang-guo | Taihu Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Key Scientific Observation & Experiment Station Paddy Field for Eco-environment, Suzhou, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Suzhou 215155, China | | | JIN Mei-juan | Taihu Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Key Scientific Observation & Experiment Station Paddy Field for Eco-environment, Suzhou, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Suzhou 215155, China | | | SHI Lin-lin | Taihu Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Key Scientific Observation & Experiment Station Paddy Field for Eco-environment, Suzhou, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Suzhou 215155, China | | | ZHOU Xin-wei | Taihu Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Key Scientific Observation & Experiment Station Paddy Field for Eco-environment, Suzhou, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Suzhou 215155, China | | | LU Chang-ying | Taihu Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Key Scientific Observation & Experiment Station Paddy Field for Eco-environment, Suzhou, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Suzhou 215155, China | | | SHEN Ming-xing | Taihu Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Key Scientific Observation & Experiment Station Paddy Field for Eco-environment, Suzhou, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Suzhou 215155, China | smxwwj@163.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为优化蚯蚓生物消解尾菜废弃物的技术工艺，以尾菜废弃物为供试对象，采用实验室模拟方法，分别设置5种影响因子的不同梯度水平：物料腐烂时间为7、14、21、28、35 d，C/N为12、18、24、30、36，含水率为40%、50%、60%、70%、80%，环境温度为8、16、24、32、40℃，投放密度为20、40、60、80、100条·kg-1，并进行了工艺参数优化的效果验证，测定了蚯蚓培养前后群体质量、数量变化率及物料消解率，研究了不同工艺因子对蚯蚓生物消解尾菜废弃物的影响，并进一步优化各因子的技术参数。结果表明：尾菜废弃物腐烂率、C/N、含水率及环境温度、蚯蚓投放密度均对物料消解率存在影响，蚯蚓消解尾菜废弃物能力与物料腐烂率、蚯蚓投放密度均呈极显著的对数曲线相关（P<0.01），而与物料C/N、含水率及环境温度呈极显著的开口向下一元二次抛物线相关（P<0.01）；根据曲线拟合方程，应用蚯蚓生物消解技术处理尾菜废弃物，各项工艺参数优化值分别为：物料腐烂率≥ 40.67%（即预堆制11 d以上）、物料C/N为27.79、物料含水率为69.61%、环境温度为26.23℃、蚯蚓投放密度为57.17条·kg-1；与CK处理相比，工艺参数优化处理显著提高了蚯蚓重量及物料消解率（P<0.05）。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Earthworm digestion has emerged as an effective method for resource utilization of organic materials in recent years. A laboratory simulation study was conducted to determine the optimum process parameters for earthworm digestion of vegetable waste and verified the efficiency of these parameters on earthworm digestion. Five different influence factors with different levels were established:(1) Material decay time of 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 d; (2) Material C/N of 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36; (3) Moisture content of 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, and 80%; (4) Environment temperature of 8, 16, 24, 32, and 40℃; (5) Earthworm density of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 per kg of vegetable waste. The population quality, quantity change rate, and material digestion rate of the earthworms before and after cultivation were tested. The material decay ratio, material C/N, material moisture content, environmental temperature, and earthworm density all exerted significant effects on the earthworm digestion ability. There was a significantly logarithmic curve regularity (P<0.01) between earthworm digestion ability and material decay ratio as well as between earthworm digestion ability and earthworm density. However, the relationships between earthworm digestion ability with material C/N, material moisture content, and environment temperature were all downward parabolic curve correlations (P<0.01). According to the fitting curve equation, the optimization value of each process parameter of earthworm digestion was as follows:Material decay ratio was larger than 40.67% (i.e., pre-heap for more than 11 d); Material C/N was 27.79, Material moisture content was 69.61%; The environment temperature was 26.23℃, and earthworm density was 57.17 per kg of vegetable waste. Compared with the CK treatment, the process parameter optimization treatment significantly improved earthworm weight and material digestion rate (P<0.05). |
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