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| 基于生命周期评估的冬小麦-夏玉米种植系统碳足迹核算——以山东省高密地区为例 |
| Life Cycle Assessment on Carbon Footprint of Winter Wheat-Summer Maize Cropping System Based on Survey Data of Gaomi in Shandong Province, China |
| Received:June 29, 2017 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2017.0180 |
| 中文关键词: 冬小麦-夏玉米，碳足迹，生命周期评价，减缓气候变化 |
| 英文关键词: winter wheat-summer maize, carbon footprint, life cycle assessment, climate change mitigation |
| 基金项目:农业源温室气体排放峰值、减排成本与潜力研究（2013087）；青岛农业大学高层次人才启动基金（631409） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | ZHU Yong-chang | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
Asset Operation Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China | | | LI Yu-e | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China | | | JIANG De-feng | College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agriculture University, Qingdao 266109, China | | | ZOU Xiao-xia | College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agriculture University, Qingdao 266109, China | zzouxiaoxia666@126.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 粮食生产过程中的原材料生产、能源消耗、氮肥施用以及农机作业等过程均会排放大量的温室气体。本研究通过对山东省高密市冬小麦-夏玉米种植系统粮食种植过程的原材料投入和农业管理措施等进行问卷调查，采用生命周期评估（Life cycle assessment， LCA）方法学核算当地小麦和玉米生产过程的碳足迹（Carbon footprint， CFP）。结果表明，高密市小麦、玉米生产和冬小麦-夏玉米种植系统单位面积的碳足迹分别为5 183.33、3 778.09 kg CO2-eq·hm-2和8 961.42 kg CO2-eq·hm-2，单位产量的碳足迹分别为0.69、0.40 kg CO2-eq·kg-1和0.53 kg CO2-eq·kg-1，单位净现值的碳足迹分别为1.82、0.40 kg CO2-eq·元-1和0.44 kg CO2-eq·元-1。冬小麦-夏玉米种植系统粮食生产的碳足迹主要来自氮肥的生产（48.30%）和氮肥施用（12.04%）、灌溉耗电（12.94%）和农业机械耗油（11.20%）等方面。综上可知，优化肥料施用、减少氮肥用量和节水灌溉等措施是实现当地粮食清洁生产的重要途径。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Grain production can generate huge amount of greenhouse gases through raw material production and energy comsumption, nitrogen fertilizer amendment and farming machinery operation. Based questionnaire survey of raw material inputs and management of wheat-maize cropping system in Gaomi, Shandong Province, carbon footprint of grain production was calculated using life cycle assessment methodology. Carbon footprint per unit area of wheat, maize, and winter wheat-summer maize cropping system were 5 183.33, 3 778.09 kg CO2-eq·hm-2 and 8 961.42 kg CO2-eq·hm-2, carbon footprint per unit grain yield were 0.69, 0.40 kg CO2-eq·kg-1 and 0.53 kg CO2-eq·kg-1, carbon footprint per unit net present value were 1.82, 0.40 kg CO2-eq·yuan-1 and 0.44 kg CO2-eq·yuan-1, respectively. Greenhouse gas(GHG) emission of winter wheat-summer maize cropping system mainly came from nitrogen fertilizer production(48.30%) and nitrogen fertilizer application(12.04%), irrigation electricity consumption(12.94%) and machinery oil consumption(11.20%). Optimizing the application of fertilizer, reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and saving water irrigation were important ways to realize the clean production. |
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