星云湖种植空心菜生长量及净化湖水效果分析

杨绍聪; 吕艳玲; 沐婵; 张艳军; 张钟; 李晓亮; 钱荣青; 李泉清

文章摘要

星云湖种植空心菜生长量及净化湖水效果分析

Growth Amount and Purification Effectiveness of Ipomoea aquatica Planted on Lake Water Surface of Xingyun Lake in Yunnan Province, China

Received:September 07, 2015

DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2015.0222

中文关键词: 星云湖水;养分;空心菜;生长量;适应性生长;吸收净化

英文关键词: water in Xingyun Lake;nutrient;Ipomoea aquatica;growth amount;adaptive growth;absorption and purification

基金项目:玉溪市农业科学院重大科技项目(2011yxnk01)

Author Name	Affiliation
YANG Shao-cong	Yuxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuxi 653100, China
LÜ Yan-ling	Yuxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuxi 653100, China
MU Chan	Yuxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuxi 653100, China
ZHANG Yan-jun	Yuxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuxi 653100, China
ZHANG Zhong	Yuxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuxi 653100, China
LI Xiao-liang	Yuxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuxi 653100, China
QIAN Rong-qing	Yuxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuxi 653100, China
LI Quan-qing	Yuxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuxi 653100, China

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中文摘要:

针对当前星云湖中度富营养化(劣V类)水质的实际问题,采用漂浮种植设施直接在星云湖湖面种植空心菜(Ipomoea aquatica),开展适应性生长试验和湖水养分吸收净化试验的研究。结果表明:空心菜能够很好地适应生长于低浓度养分的星云湖水体环境(全N 2.41 mg·L^-1、水溶性N 2.00 mg·L^-1、水溶性P 0.46 mg·L^-1),并且前期表现为较短的缓苗期(7 d),后期则枝叶生长旺盛;在空心菜的6次茎叶收割周期中,其生长量呈现出"先增后降"的趋势,且茎叶生长量较高,空心菜的茎叶鲜重达75555 kg·hm^-2·a^-1,生长量为1260 kg·hm^-2·d-1;空心菜的养分含量主要分配在茎叶,茎叶中总N、总P、总K含量分别为3.43%、0.74%、6.25%;空心菜对星云湖湖水养分具有较强的吸收净化能力,吸收星云湖湖水中的N、P、K量分别为259.05、55.21、469.84 kg·hm^-2·a^-1,净化星云湖湖水的量以水溶性N、水溶性P、水溶性K计,分别为129525、120022、34220 m³·hm^-2·a^-1;空心菜的生长量与茎叶养分吸收量和湖水养分量之间存在一定的相关性。利用空心菜漂浮种植于星云湖水面,产生了明显的经济效益及显著的生态效益。

英文摘要:

It was reported that Ipomoea aquatica planted in floating-bed had a high purification effectiveness on river water flowing to Xingyun Lake in Yunnan Province and high productivity mostly consisted of stems and leaves. However, if the Ipomoea aquatica in floating-bed are planted on lake water surface of Xingyun Lake, we don't know what will happen. For this, Ipomoea aquatica were directly planted on lake water surface of Xingyun Lake to study the growth of Ipomoea aquatica and its lake water purification effectiveness. Results showed that Ipomoea aquatica well adapted to lake water environment with low concentration nutrients(total N 2.41 mg·L^-1, water-soluble N 2.00 mg·L^-1 and water-soluble P 0.46 mg·L^-1), and it showed that there was a relatively short and slow seedling periods in the early stage(7 days), and then there was a strong growth periods of stems and leaves in the late stage. During 6 harvest cycles of stems and leaves, Ipomoea aquatica had a trend of increasing first and then decreasing in growth amount, and had high stems and leaves biomass with fresh weight 75555 kg·hm^-2·a^-1 and 1260 kg·hm^-2·d-1 of growth amount. Nutrient content of Ipomoea aquatica were mostly distributed in the stems and leaves, where amounts of total N, total P and total K were 3.43%, 0.74% and 6.25%, respectively. There was a high absorption and purification abilities of Ipomoea aquatica on Xingyun Lake water. Amounts of N, P and K absorbed by Ipomoea aquatica from lake water were 259.05 kg·hm^-2·a^-1, 55.21 kg·hm^-2·a^-1 and 469.84 kg·hm^-2·a^-1, respectively. Amounts of lake water purified by Ipomoea aquatica calculated by water-soluble N, water-soluble P and water-soluble K were 129525 m³·hm^-2·a^-1, 120022 m³·hm^-2·a^-1 and 34220 m³·hm^-2·a^-1, respectively. The growth amount of Ipomoea aquatica was correlated with its absorption and purification on lake water. Therefore, it is obvious that planting Ipomoea aquatica on lake surface of Xingyun Lake not only improves water quality, but also provides significant economic benefits.

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