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| 粉垄耕作对潮土冬小麦田间群体微环境的影响 |
| Effect of Smash Ridging Tillage on Micro-environment of Winter-wheat Group in Fluvo-Aquic Soil Farmlands |
| Received:November 24, 2014 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2014.0328 |
| 中文关键词: 粉垄耕作;潮土;冬小麦;群体;微环境 |
| 英文关键词: smash ridging tillage;fluvo-aquic soil;winter wheat;group;micro-environment |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(31301284);河南省农业科学院优秀青年科技基金(2013YQ15);“十二五”科技支撑计划循环农业项目(2012BAD14B08,2012BAD14B04);河南省重点科技攻关项目(132102110068);河南省产粮大省项目(2015CL01) |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | NIE Sheng-wei | Institute of Plant Nutrient and Environmental Resources, Henan Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhengzhou 450002, China | | ZHANG Yu-ting | Institute of Plant Nutrient and Environmental Resources, Henan Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhengzhou 450002, China | | TANG Feng-shou | Industrial Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhengzhou 450002, China | | HE Ning | Institute of Plant Nutrient and Environmental Resources, Henan Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhengzhou 450002, China | | HUANG Shao-min | Institute of Plant Nutrient and Environmental Resources, Henan Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhengzhou 450002, China | | ZHANG Qiao-ping | Institute of Plant Nutrient and Environmental Resources, Henan Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhengzhou 450002, China
College of Life Sciences, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou 450002, China | | WEI Ben-hui | Industrial Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanning 530007, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 研究了新型耕作方法(粉垄耕作)对潮土冬小麦田间群体微环境的影响,探索耕作措施与作物群体微环境的关系,为获得小麦高产提供理论依据.设旋耕CK(12~16 cm)、粉垄耕作FL1(20~30 cm) 和粉垄耕作FL2(30~40 cm) 3个处理,其他一切农事操作均保持一致.结果表明,粉垄耕作(FL1,FL2)对小麦灌浆期群体的冠层温度、群体内地表的温度以及群体内CO2浓度影响较大.灌浆期,群体的冠层温度FL1(31.72 ℃)、FL2(32.15 ℃)比CK(32.72 ℃)低,群体内地表温度FL1(27.98 ℃)、FL2(28.30 ℃)比CK(27.97 ℃)高群体的CO2浓度FL1(373.5 mg·L-1)、FL2(373.5 mg·L-1)均显着低于CK(431.7 mg·L-1).FL1、FL2处理群体内相对湿度在孕穗期、灌浆期分别为58.1%、60.9%和60.8%、56.6%,高于CK(52.7%和57.7%);相反,群体内温度分别为25.0、23.9 ℃和32.7、33.2 ℃,低于CK(27.0 ℃和33.8 ℃).此外,拔节期粉垄耕作的土壤耕层温度比CK低1~2 ℃,孕穗期比CK高0~0.5 ℃.粉垄耕作措施能够有效地改善小麦生育中后期田间微环境,提高抗逆能力,增加产量. |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this manuscript, effects of a new smash ridging tillage on micro-environment was studied. There were three treatments as followed: smash ridging tillage FL1 (20~30 cm), smash ridging tillage FL2 (30~40 cm), and rotation tillage CK (12~16 cm), respectively. The results showed that there were great effects of smash ridging tillage (FL1 and FL2) on wheat group canopy temperature, wheat group ground temperature and wheat group carbon dioxide content during wheat filling stage, while there were little effects at other growing stages. At wheat filling stage, wheat group canopy temperature of smash ridging tillage FL1 (31.72 ℃) and FL2 (32.15 ℃) were lower than that of CK (32.72 ℃), and carbon dioxide content of smash ridging tillage FL1 (373.5 mg·L-1) and FL2 (373.5 mg·L-1) were significantly (P≤0.05) higher than that of CK (431.7 mg·L-1); however, wheat group ground temperature of smash ridging tillage FL1 (27.98 ℃) and FL2 (28.30 ℃) were higher than that of CK (27.97 ℃). Furthermore, the relativity humidity of wheat group of FL1 and FL2 at pregnant stage and filling stage were 58.1%, 60.9% and 60.8%, 56.6%, respectively, and they were all higher than that of CK (52.7% and 57.7%). On the contrary, wheat group temperature of FL1 and FL2 at pregnant stage and filling stage were 25.0 ℃, 23.9 ℃ and 32.7 ℃, 33.2 ℃, respectively, and they were lower than that of CK (27.0 ℃ and 33.8 ℃). Additionally, there were about 1~2 ℃ lower and 0~0.5 ℃ higher of soil tillage layers of smashing tillage compared with CK at elongation and pregnant stage, respectively. Smash ridging tillage could effectively improve the micro-environment during the wheat middle and later growth stages, enhance wheat's adversity ability, and obtain higher grain yields. |
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