钾肥对镉污染土壤大白菜品质的效应研究

王小晶; 陈怡; 王菲; 王正银

文章摘要

钾肥对镉污染土壤大白菜品质的效应研究

Effects of Potash Fertilizer on Cabbage' s Quality in CadmiumPolluted Soils

Received:July 25, 2014

DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2014.0192

中文关键词: 镉;钾肥;大白菜;品质;生理特性;重金属

英文关键词: cadmium;potash fertilizer;cabbage;quality;physiological characteristics;heavy metal

基金项目:国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203013-5);国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)资助项目(2012-Chongqing-02)

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
WANG Xiao-jing	College of Resources and Environmental Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China Beibei Agriculture Committee, Chongqing 400700, China
CHEN Yi	College of Resources and Environmental Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
WANG Fei	College of Resources and Environmental Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
WANG Zheng-yin	College of Resources and Environmental Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China	wang_zhengyin@163.com

Hits: 6404

Download times: 3902

中文摘要:

为进一步阐明钾对镉污染土壤上大白菜的品质影响,通过盆栽试验研究了2 种镉污染土壤不同钾肥用量对大白菜生长、生理特性和重金属含量的影响。结果表明,大白菜地上部及地下部鲜重在低镉胁迫下分别下降2.6%和19.8%,在高镉胁迫下分别下降7.1%和45.5%;低镉胁迫下,土壤增施钾肥后大白菜地上部鲜重提高0.3%~34.0%,地下部鲜重降低1.2%~7.4%;高镉胁迫下,增施钾肥后大白菜地上部鲜重无明显变化,地下部鲜重显著提高41.8%~87.3%。低镉胁迫大白菜叶片中叶绿素a、叶绿素b 含量略有升高,增施钾肥后,叶绿素a 含量显著升高,叶绿素b 含量变化不大;高镉胁迫大白菜叶片中叶绿素各含量明显降低,增施钾肥后,叶绿素各含量变化不大。低镉胁迫大白菜叶片中抗氧化系统酶(CAT、SOD、POD)活性增强,高镉胁迫大白菜叶片中各抗氧化系统酶活性降低,2 种镉污染土壤增施钾肥各种酶活性呈增强趋势。镉污染土壤增施钾肥能有效提高大白菜叶片中维生素C、还原糖的含量,并促进游离氨基酸转化为粗蛋白。镉胁迫大白菜叶片中重金属镉、砷含量显著升高,铅、铬、汞含量均有效降低。结果表明,镉污染土壤上增施钾肥能有效提高大白菜品质,特别是降低大白菜叶片中各种重金属的含量,低镉胁迫下最佳施钾浓度为200~400mg·kg^-1,高镉胁迫下最佳施钾浓度为400~600 mg·kg^-1。

英文摘要:

In order to further explain how potassium affect the quality of cabbage growing in cadmium contaminated soils, a pot experiment was carried out to study the effect of different dosages of potash fertilizer on the cabbage yield, physiological characteristics(the concentration of chlorophyll and the activity of antioxidative enzyme)and heavy metal concentration in two cadmium contaminated soils. The result showed that cabbage' s fresh weight above ground and underground decreased 2.6% and 19.8% respectively in low cadmium stress, while decreased 7.1%and 45.5%in high cadmiumstress. After increasing the dosage of potash fertilizer in low concentration cadmium polluted soil, cabbage' s fresh weight above ground increased by 0.3%~34.0%and the underground part decreased by 1.2%~7.4%. At the same time, after application of potash fertilizer in high concentration stress, cabbage' s fresh weight above ground had no significant change while the underground part significantly increased by 41.8%~87.3%. The concentration of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in cabbage leaves increased slightly in low cadmium stress, after application of potash fertilizer, the concentration of chlorophyll a increased greatly but chlorophyll b had no obvious change. The concentration of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in cabbage leaves decreased greatly in high cadmiumstress and it had no tremen-dous change after application of potash fertilizer. The activity of antioxidative enzymes(CAT, SOD and POD)in cabbage leaves were strength-ened in low cadmium stress while the activity of kinds of antioxidative enzymes in cabbage leaves were weakened in high cadmium stress. Af-ter application of potash fertilizer in two cadmium polluted soils, all kinds of enzyme activity had a trend to increase. Applying potash fertiliz-er into the cadmium contaminated soils could effectively increase the concentration of vitamin C, reducing sugar and promote the free amino acids transforming into crude protein. The concentration of heavy metal cadmium and arsenic significantly increased, but lead, chromium and mercury universally decreased in cadmium stress. From this study we found that application of potash fertilizer could effectively improve the quality of cabbage, especially decrease the concentration of various heavy metals in cabbage' s leaves and the recommended dosage was 200~ 400 mg·kg^-1 in low cadmium stress and 400~600 mg·kg^-1 in high cadmium stress.

HTML View Full Text View/Add Comment Download reader