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| 枯草芽孢杆菌D9生物有机肥对连作芦蒿扦插苗枯萎病病害防控研究 |
| Biocontrol of the FusariumWilt of Artemisia selengens Seedling with Bioorganic Fertilizer of Bacillus subtilis D9 |
| 投稿时间：2015-06-17 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2015.0150 |
| 中文关键词: 芦蒿 连作病害 枯草芽孢杆菌 扦插苗 |
| 英文关键词: Artemisia selengens disease of continuous cropping Bacillus subtilis cutting stem |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(2013503811);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2012B00614);南京市生物农业项目(2013A46) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 芦蒿连作土壤中的枯萎病病原菌尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)通过扦插茎秆的切口处侵染扦插苗,严重地降低扦插苗的成活率。实验通过分离生防菌株,开发生防生物有机肥防控扦插苗连作病害。研究结果显示,分离到的具有生防芦蒿枯萎病病原菌尖孢镰刀菌能力的菌株为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)D9。D9菌株的代谢物能够显著地抑制尖孢镰刀菌的孢子萌发和菌丝的伸长(P<0.05)。芦蒿连作土壤扦插苗病害的防控实验结果表明,有机肥和D9生物有机肥的防病率分别达到77.3%和97.1%,同时能够显著地(P<0.05)降低芦蒿扦插苗的茎内尖孢镰刀菌数量,而且D9生物有机肥能够显著(P<0.05)降低扦插苗根际土壤中尖孢镰刀菌的数量。相较于对照处理,D9生物有机肥处理的根际土壤和茎内尖孢镰刀菌数量分别降低了35.7%和93.7%。有机肥没有提高芦蒿几丁质酶和β-1,3葡聚糖酶活力,而D9生物有机肥显著提高芦蒿几丁质酶和β-1,3葡聚糖酶的酶活(P<0.05)。D9生物有机肥能够有效防治连作芦蒿扦插苗的病害,为芦蒿产业提供一条绿色、安全的栽种途径。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The pathogen of Fusarium oxysporum in the Artemisia selengens continuously cropped soil infects seedlings from the incision of the cutting stem, which causes Fusarium wilt of A. selengens seedlings and decreases the survival ratio of the seedlings. This study isolated biocontrol microorganisms and developed a bioorganic fertilizer for biocontrol of the Fusarium wilt. The isolated bacterium was identified as Bacillus subtilis and coded D9. The metabolites of the D9 significantly inhibited the conidia germination and hypha elongation of the F. oxysporum. The disease incidence of control treatment was 91.0%. Organic fertilizer (OF) and D9 bioorganic fertilizer (BOF) significantly decreased disease incidence of Fusarium wilt (P<0.05), and the biocontrol efficacy of OF treatment and BOF treatment was 77.3% and 97.1%, respectively. Adding OF and BOF in the soil significantly (P<0.05) decreased populations of F. oxysporum in the stem of A. selengens, and BOF significantly (P<0.05) decreased population of F. oxysporum in the rhizosphere soil. Population of F. oxysporum in the stem and rhizosphere soil of BOF treatment was decreased by 35.7% and 93.7% respectively, as compared with control treatment. OF demonstrated no effect on the activity of chitinase and β-1, 3-glucanase of A. selengens, while BOF significantly (P<0.05) increased the activity of chitinase and β-1, 3-glucanase. BOF can well control the Fusarium wilt of cutting seedlings of A. selengens, which offers a sustainable way for A. selengens production. |
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