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| 盘锦地区稻田田面水氮素动态变化及化学氮肥投入阈值研究 |
| Variations of Nitrogen in Surface Water Body of a Paddy Field and Input Threshold of Chemical N Fertilizer in Panjin City,China |
| 投稿时间：2013-07-13 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 水稻 田面水 氮素 化学氮肥 投入阈值 |
| 英文关键词: rice surface water nitrogen chemical N fertilizer input threshold |
| 基金项目:公益性行业(农业)专项经费(20100314-4);国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD05B07);辽宁省重大科技攻关计划(2011201029) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以水稻为供试作物,水稻土为供试土壤,采用田间定位试验的方法,以施肥后田面水中的总氮(TN)、NH4+-N和NO3--N浓度为指标,进行了施氮后田面水中氮素释放规律研究。结果表明,施肥后田面水中的总氮(TN)、NH4+-N和NO3--N浓度随着施肥量的增加而增加,随着时间的推移三者的浓度呈先上升后下降的趋势,一周后趋于稳定;以氮素表观盈余率和植株吸氮量为指标,从环境安全角度研究水稻生产化学氮肥投入阈值,初步确定试验区环境安全化学氮肥投入阈值为189.22～218.98 kg·hm-2;以水稻产量为指标,进行了粮食安全氮肥投入阈值研究,初步确定试验区水稻生产粮食安全化学氮肥投入阈值为202.24～288.89 kg·hm-2。综合考虑粮食安全和环境安全,试验区化学氮肥投入阈值为202.24～218.98 kg·hm-2。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This experiment adopted rice as treated crop,rice soil was used for test soil,field trials were conducted to study the input threshold of chemical N fertilizer in rice from the viewpoint of food security and environmental safety. The results during three years(2010-2012) showed that the concentrations of total nitrogen(TN)、ammonium nitrogen(NH4+-N)and nitrate nitrogen(NO3--N)in the surface water increased with increasing of fertilizer application,and first increased then decreased with being stable after a week. By determination the nitrogen uptake and the apparent nitrogen surplus rate,the input thresholds of chemical N fertilizer should be controlled at about 189.22～218.98 kg·hm-2,as the environmental safety be considered. From the effect of N fertilizer on rice yield simulated by linear plus plateau model,the input thresholds of chemical N fertilizer should be controlled at about 202.24～288.89 kg·hm-2,when considering the food security. Considering food security and environmental security,the input thresholds of chemical N fertilizer should be controlled at about 202.24～218.98 kg·hm-2. |
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