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| 氮素实时监控技术对夏玉米产量及氮效率的影响 |
| Real-time Nitrogen Management for Yield and Utilization of Summer Maize |
| 投稿时间：2013-04-26 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 氮肥监控 夏玉米 产量 氮效率 山西省 |
| 英文关键词: real-time N management summer maize grain yield nitrogen efficiency Shanxi Province |
| 基金项目:公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费资助(201103003);国家星火计划项目(2012GA630001);山西省科技产业化环境建设项目(2012071003-1);太原市明星项目(12024710) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了对山西南部夏玉米区氮肥的高效利用提供理论依据,采用田间定位试验,应用氮素实时监控技术研究了目标产量为7.5 t·hm-2时夏玉米优化施氮量。结果表明,与农户习惯施氮量相比,优化的氮用量大幅减少,3年累积减少氮肥投入491 kg·hm-2。由于氮素实时监控技术对夏玉米进行了氮素的分期调控,使得氮素供应能够满足夏玉米全生育期的需求,最终产量较农户习惯增加6.3%,增收1 418元·hm-2,同时,氮肥的利用效率、农学利用率以及偏生产力显著提高,而土体硝态氮的累积与淋洗则大幅下降,降低了对环境污染的风险。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The field experiment was conducted to research the effect of real-time N management on the grain yield of summer maize and ni-trogen efficiency in order to supply theoretic basis for nitrogen optimal management in south of Shanxi Province. The results clearly showed that optimal N rates were significantly lower than farmer's practice. The amounts of 3-year accumulative saving N fertilizer were 491 kg·hm-2. Compared with farmer's practice, the grain yield of optimal N rate increased by 6.3%, and the incomes 1 418 yuan·hm-2 due to the coherence of N supply and N demand. Moreover, N recovery efficiency, N agronomic efficiency, and N partial factor productivity of optimal N treatment were significantly increased and the nitrate accumulation and leaching were obviously reduced. |
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