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| 改革开放以来珠三角地区农业功能转变与景观形态演变 |
| Agricultural function and landscape change in the Pearl River Delta since reform and opening up |
| 投稿时间：2021-08-04 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2021.0481 |
| 中文关键词: 农业功能，景观形态，景观格局指数，“三生”融合，休闲农业 |
| 英文关键词: agricultural function, landscape form, landscape pattern index, integration of production-life-ecology, leisure agriculture |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41871156） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探索农业功能与景观形态的演变历程及其关系，推动生产、生活、生态“三生”功能融合，理清改革开放以来珠三角农业功能及景观形态的演变历程，本研究引入生态系统单位面积生态服务价值表和景观格局指数进行测算。结果表明，1980—2018年，农业食品与原材料生产功能价值从20.81亿元下降到17.45亿元，休闲与文化功能价值从11.83亿元增长至13.92亿元，生态调节与保护功能价值从215.88亿元增长至217.96亿元。农业景观面积从2 094 233.94 hm2缩减到1 753 198.20 hm2，总斑块数从5 536增长至8 282，聚合度从96.732 6减小至95.878 2，景观形状指数由158.578 8增长至182.868 4。研究表明，农业功能转变及景观形态演变历程可以归纳为三个阶段：改革开放至20世纪90年代以生产功能为主导，农业景观表现为以耕地为主、桑基鱼塘为典型的传统农业景观；20世纪90年代至2010年前后以生活功能为主导，农业景观呈现以观光体验为特征的观光农业景观；2010年前后至今转变为“三生”功能融合主导，农业景观呈现以生态休闲为目的的休闲农业景观。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore the evolution process and relationship between agricultural function and landscape form, promote the integration of production, living and ecological functions, and clarify the evolution process of agricultural function and landscape form in the Pearl River Delta since the reform and opening up, the ecological service value table and landscape pattern index per unit area of the ecosystem were used to analyze. From 1980 to 2018, the production function value of agricultural food and raw materials decreased from 2.081 billion yuan to 1.745 billion yuan, the leisure and cultural function value increased from 1.183 billion yuan to 1.392 billion yuan, and the ecological regulation and protection function value increased from 21.588 billion yuan to 21.796 billion yuan. The agricultural landscape area decreased from 2 094 233.94 hm2 to 1 753 198.20 hm2, the total number of patches increased from 5 536 to 8 282, the degree of polymerization decreased from 96.732 6 to 95.878 2, and the shape index increased from 158.578 8 to 182.868 4. The research results show that the transformation of agricultural function and landscape can be summarized into three stages:From the reform and opening up to the 1990s, the production function dominants while the landscape is mainly cultivated land and mulberry-based fish ponds. From 1990s to 2010, dominated by life function, the agricultural was characterized by sightseeing experience. Since 2010, transformed into production-life-ecology functional integration leading, agricultural is often based on leisure agricultural landscape for the purpose of ecological leisure. |
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