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| 三种纳米材料对水稻幼苗生长及根际土壤肥力的影响 |
| Effects of three nanomaterials on the growth and rhizospheric soil fertility of rice seedlings |
| 投稿时间：2019-03-19 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2019.0259 |
| 中文关键词: 纳米材料，水稻，植物生长，土壤养分，土壤酶 |
| 英文关键词: nanomaterials, rice, plant growth, soil nutrients, soil enzymes |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1323 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨纳米材料在土壤环境中的生态效应，采用盆栽试验将三种外源纳米材料（nSiO2、nTiO2、nZnO）分别添加到水稻土中，研究三种浓度的纳米材料对盆栽水稻幼苗生长及土壤肥力的影响。结果表明：0.5 mg·g-1 nZnO处理后水稻幼苗鲜质量、干质量和株高增加，但1、2 mg·g-1 nZnO处理后水稻鲜质量、干质量和株高降低；2 mg·g-1 nSiO2处理后水稻干质量和株高显著降低。0.5、2 mg·g-1 nSiO2处理后的水稻N含量显著降低，三种浓度nZnO处理后的水稻P含量显著增加，而K含量显著降低。1、2 mg·g-1nTiO2处理对水稻生长、主要营养元素（N、P、K）含量以及土壤有效氮、有效磷、有效钾含量的影响均不显著。经三种浓度nSiO2和nTiO2处理后的土壤pH和有机质含量均降低，1、2 mg·g-1 nSiO2处理后土壤有效氮和有效磷含量显著增加，三种浓度的nZnO处理后土壤有效磷和有效钾含量降低。经三种纳米材料处理后土壤酸性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性分别被显著抑制和显著促进，不同浓度的nZnO处理土壤蔗糖酶和脲酶活性均被显著抑制。总体而言，三种纳米材料中nZnO对植物的生长、养分吸收和土壤酶活性的影响最大。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore the ecological effects of nanomaterials in the soil environment, three exogenous nanomaterials (nSiO2, nTiO2 and nZnO) were separately added to the paddy soil of potted rice seedlings. The effects of the three nanomaterials, with different concentrations, on the growth and rhizospheric soil fertility of the rice seedlings were then analyzed. The results showed that the fresh weight, dry weight and plant height of rice seedlings treated with 0.5 mg·g-1 nZnO increased, but both 1 mg·g-1 and 2 mg·g-1 nZnO treatment had the opposite effect. The dry weight and plant height of rice seedlings treated with 2 mg·g-1 nSiO2 decreased significantly. The nitrogen content of rice seedlings treated with 0.5 mg·g-1 and 2 mg·g-1 nSiO2 was significantly decreased. P content in rice seedlings treated with three concentrations of nZnO increased and K content decreased significantly. The effects of 1 mg·g-1 and 2 mg·g-1 nTiO2 treatment on plant growth, main nutrient (N, P, K) content, soil available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium were not significant. Soil pH and organic matter content decreased after treatment with nSiO2 and nTiO2 at three concentrations, soil available nitrogen and available phosphorus content increased significantly after treatment with 1 mg·g-1 and 2 mg·g-1 nSiO2. Soil available phosphorus and available potassium content decreased after treatment with nZnO at three concentrations. The activity of soil acid phosphatase was significantly inhibited and that of catalase was significantly promoted after treatment with all three kinds of nanomaterials, and the activities of soil invertase and urease were significantly inhibited under three different concentrations of nZnO. Among the three nanomaterials tested with rice seedlings, nZnO treatment had the strongest influence on growth, nutrient uptake and rhizospheric soil enzyme activity. |
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