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| 规模化养殖场肥水水质特征研究 |
| Characteristics of nutrients in anaerobic effluents from large-scale livestock farms in North China Plain |
| 投稿时间：2018-06-23 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2018.0165 |
| 中文关键词: 养殖肥水，氮磷形态，阳离子，重金属 |
| 英文关键词: livestock farm effluents, nitrogen and phosphorus forms, cation, heavy metal |
| 基金项目:公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201503106）；天津市现代奶牛产业技术体系创新团队建设专项（ITTCRS2018006）；2018年农业生态环境保护项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为深入了解规模化养殖场肥水水质特征，在华北典型种养结合区河北徐水，以规模化养殖场为研究对象，采集养殖场肥水水样，研究养殖肥水中氮磷形态分布、阳离子和重金属含量特征。结果表明，猪场肥水中总氮和总磷含量平均值分别为804.6mg·L-1和38.9 mg·L-1，牛场肥水中总氮和总磷含量平均值分别为137.5 mg·L-1和38.2 mg·L-1。猪场和牛场肥水的铵态氮含量平均值占肥水中总氮含量平均值的66.0%，溶解性正磷酸盐含量平均值占总磷含量平均值的90.9%；肥水中K+、Na+、Ca2+和Mg2+含量平均值分别为568.5、299.5、33.5 mg·L-1和50.5 mg·L-1。研究表明，养殖肥水中含有大量氮磷养分，肥水中氮磷以速效养分为主，四种阳离子含量与电导率呈正相关关系，复相关系数0.4；肥水中重金属含量均未超出《GB 5084-2005农田灌溉水质标准》的限值。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to further understand the characteristics of nutrients in anaerobic effluents from large-scale and intensive livestock farms, an experiment using livestock farms as the research object, was conducted to analyze nitrogen and phosphorus forms, cation contents and heavy metal contents in effluents collected from Xushui, Hebei Province, which is a typical planting and breeding area in North China Plain. The results showed that the average total nitrogen content of swine farms and dairy farms was 804.6, 137.5 mg·L-1 respectively and 38.9, 38.2 mg·L-1 respectively for total phosphorus. Moreover, the average content of ammonium nitrogen accounted for 66.0% of the average of total nitrogen, whereas the average content of dissolved reactive phosphorus accounted for 90.9% of the average of total phosphorus. The average content of K+、Na+、Ca2+ and Mg2+ was 568.5, 299.5, 33.5 mg·L-1 and 50.5 mg·L-1 respectively. Our results indicated that there were high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in livestock anaerobic effluents most of which was in available forms. In addition, there was positive correlation between four cation contents and electric conductivity, and multiple correlation coefficient was 0.4. Futhermore, heavy metal contents in effluents did not exceed the limits of Standard for Irrigation Water Quality (GB 5084-2005). |
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