新疆膜下滴灌棉田水盐运移规律与生产函数

邴绍妮; 张金珠; 王振华; 权震; 马占利

文章摘要

新疆膜下滴灌棉田水盐运移规律与生产函数

Water and salt transport dynamics and production function of cotton fields under mulch drip irrigation in Xinjiang

Received:June 23, 2025

DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2025.0612

中文关键词: 土壤;灌溉;膜下滴灌;水盐动态变化;产量预测;水盐生产函数

英文关键词: soil;irrigation;mulch drip irrigation;water-salt dynamic;yield prediction;water-salt production function

基金项目:“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFD1900802）；兵团重点领域科技攻关项目（2022AB011）；兵团中央引导地方科技发展资金项目（2025YD17）；石河子大学高层次人才科研启动项目（RCZK202319）

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
BING Shaoni	College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China Engineering Technology Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkaline Land of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832003, China Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Innovative Technology for High-Efficiency Water and Fertilizer Equipment in Agriculture, Shihezi 832003, China Key Laboratory of Modern Water-saving Irrigation of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832003, China
ZHANG Jinzhu	College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China Engineering Technology Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkaline Land of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832003, China Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Innovative Technology for High-Efficiency Water and Fertilizer Equipment in Agriculture, Shihezi 832003, China Key Laboratory of Modern Water-saving Irrigation of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832003, China	xjshzzjz@sina.cn
WANG Zhenhua	College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China Engineering Technology Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkaline Land of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832003, China Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Innovative Technology for High-Efficiency Water and Fertilizer Equipment in Agriculture, Shihezi 832003, China Key Laboratory of Modern Water-saving Irrigation of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832003, China
QUAN Zhen	College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China Engineering Technology Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkaline Land of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832003, China Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Innovative Technology for High-Efficiency Water and Fertilizer Equipment in Agriculture, Shihezi 832003, China Key Laboratory of Modern Water-saving Irrigation of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832003, China
MA Zhanli	College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China Engineering Technology Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkaline Land of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832003, China Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Innovative Technology for High-Efficiency Water and Fertilizer Equipment in Agriculture, Shihezi 832003, China Key Laboratory of Modern Water-saving Irrigation of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832003, China

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中文摘要:

为综合探究不同土壤质地与气候条件下棉花产量与水分、盐分动态的关联机制，构建并验证新疆地区棉花种植水盐生产函数，本研究于2024—2025年通过人工气候室模拟南北疆典型灌区（石河子灌区与阿拉尔灌区）环境，开展壤土与砂土条件下新疆地区棉花种植的土壤水盐胁迫盆栽试验。试验设置7个土壤初始含盐量梯度S1（2 g·kg^-1）、S2（4 g·kg^-1）、S3（6 g·kg^-1）、S4（8 g·kg^-1）、S5（12 g·kg^-1）、S6（16 g·kg^-1）、S7（20 g·kg^-1）；3个土壤持水量水平W1（80%田间持水量）、W2（60%田间持水量）、W3（40%田间持水量）。通过上述试验设计，探索新疆膜下滴灌棉花土壤水盐运移规律并构建和验证了不同初始条件下的棉花水盐生产函数。结果表明：土壤水盐胁迫显著提升土壤含盐量，而土壤含水率随含盐量与持水量的增加呈协同升高趋势；壤土比砂土更利于获得更高的棉花产量，且当土壤初始含盐量高于8 g·kg^-1时或土壤含水率低于田间持水量的60%时均会导致产量急剧下降；棉花耐盐性随生育期推进而增强，盐分敏感指数（σ）排序：苗期>蕾期>花铃期>吐絮期；花铃期为水分最敏感阶段，水分敏感指数（λ）排序：花铃期>蕾期>吐絮期>苗期。研究表明，基于Jensen模型的水盐生产函数对于产量估算的精度较高（R²>0.898、d>0.993），可为新疆盐碱地改良利用提供科学依据，助力农业可持续发展。

英文摘要:

This study focuses on cotton cultivation in the Xinjiang region, comprehensively investigating the correlation mechanism between cotton yield and the dynamics of soil water and salt under varying soil textures and climatic conditions. It aims to construct and validate water and salt production functions. From 2024 to 2025, artificial climate chambers were utilized to simulate the environmental conditions of typical irrigation districts in northern and southern Xinjiang, specifically the Shihezi and Alar Irrigation Districts. Pot experiments were conducted under loam and sandy soil conditions to assess the effects of soil water and salt stress. The experimental setup included seven initial soil salt content gradients：S1（2 g·kg^-1）, S2（4 g·kg^-1）, S3（6 g·kg^-1）, S4（8 g·kg^-1）, S5（12 g·kg^-1）, S6（16 g·kg^-1）, and S7（20 g·kg^-1）, as well as three soil water-holding capacity levels：W1（80% of field capacity）, W2（60% of field capacity）, and W3 （40% of field capacity）. Through this experimental design, the study explored the transport dynamics of soil water and salt in cotton under sub-film drip irrigation in Xinjiang and established and verified water and salt production functions under different initial conditions. The results indicated that soil water and salt stress significantly increased soil salt content, while soil moisture content exhibited a synergistic upward trend with increasing salt content and water-holding capacity. Loam soil was more favorable for achieving higher cotton yields compared with sandy soil. Moreover, when the initial soil salt content exceeded 8 g·kg^-1 or the soil moisture content fell below 60% of field capacity, cotton yield declined sharply. Cotton′ s salt tolerance increased as the growth stage progressed. The order of salt sensitivity index （σ）was as follows：seedling stage>bud stage>flowering and boll-setting stage>boll-opening stage. The flowering and boll-setting stage was the most sensitive to water stress. The order of water sensitivity index（λ）was：flowering and boll-setting stage>bud stage>bollopening stage>seedling stage. The research demonstrates that the water-salt production function based on the Jensen model provides highly accurate yield estimation（R²>0.898、d>0.993）, offering a scientific basis for the improvement and utilization of saline-alkali land in Xinjiang and contributing to the sustainable development of regional agriculture.

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