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| 蚯蚓堆肥及其温室气体排放研究进展 |
| Research progress in vermicomposting and its greenhouse gas emissions |
| 投稿时间：2024-06-14 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2024.0416 |
| 中文关键词: 蚯蚓堆肥，有机废弃物，减量增值，温室气体，减控措施 |
| 英文关键词: vermicomposting, organic waste, waste reduction and appreciation, greenhouse gas, mitigation and control measure |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42277033，42077355）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（Y2024QC28）；天津市自然科学基金项目（23JCYBJC00250）；中国农业科学院科技创新工程；现代农业产业技术体系-国家奶牛产业技术体系（CARS-36） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 蚯蚓堆肥作为农业农村有机废弃物高值资源化利用的重要途径，不仅能够将有机废弃物转化为营养丰富的蚓体蛋白和均质稳定的蚓粪有机肥，还具有降碳控污的优势，符合国家绿色可持续发展重大策略。然而，温室气体排放严重制约了蚯蚓堆肥的健康发展。本文在介绍蚯蚓堆肥技术工艺和产业发展现状的基础上，重点综述了其对温室气体排放的影响，并探讨了不同减排措施的控制成效。诸多研究表明，蚯蚓堆肥可减少16.5%~68.4%的温室气体排放量，通过在堆肥过程中适当添加生物炭、秸秆或接种微生物菌剂等方式，减排效果最高能够提升80%，但外源物质的引入可能对堆肥产物的利用产生影响。未来研究应重点关注蚯蚓堆肥过程温室气体减排机制、增效添加剂的开发以及产物后续利用的风险评估，以期为我国粪污的高值资源化利用提供参考，助推农业尽早实现“双碳”战略目标。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Vermicomposting, as an important way for the high-value resource utilization of organic waste in rural agriculture, not only can convert organic waste substrates into nutrient-rich earthworm protein and stable vermicompost organic fertilizers, but also has unique technological advantage in reducing carbon emissions and controlling pollution. This aligns with the national strategy for green and sustainable development. However, the emission of greenhouse gases seriously restricts its healthy development. This paper presents an overview of the industrial development status of the technology, with a particular focus on the impact of vermicomposting on greenhouse gas emission, and it also explores the effects of different emission reduction measures on greenhouse gas control. Numerous studies have shown that vermicomposting can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 16.5%-68.4%, and that the reduction effect can be increased by up to 80% through the addition of biochar, straw, or inoculation of microbial agents in the composting process, but the introduction of exogenous substances may have an impact on the utilization of the vermicompost. Future research should focus on the mechanism of greenhouse gas emission reduction during vermicomposting, the development of efficiency additives, and the risk assessment of the subsequent utilization of the products, with a view to providing references for the high-value resource utilization of manure in China, and promoting the early realization of the“dual-carbon”strategic goal in agriculture. |
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