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| 生态移民区农村人居环境质量满意度及影响因素分析——以宁夏红寺堡区65个行政村为例 |
| Satisfaction and influencing factors of rural human settlement environment in ecological immigrant areas： a case study of 65 villages in Hongsibu District, Ningxia |
| 投稿时间：2025-01-16 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2025.0044 |
| 中文关键词: 生态移民区 农村人居环境 空间自相关 地理探测器 红寺堡区 |
| 英文关键词: ecological immigrant area rural living environment spatial autocorrelation geographic detector Hongshibu District |
| 基金项目:宁夏高校科学研究项目（NYG2024262）；国家自然科学基金项目（41161078）；宁夏黄大年式教师团队项目（〔2022〕130） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 探讨宁夏红寺堡生态移民区人居环境质量满意度及其空间分布特征和形成机制，揭示政府干预下生态移民区人居环境空间重构的特殊性，对差异化推进乡村人居环境优化提供理论支撑。本研究从生态环境、基础设施、居住环境、公共服务设施和文化风貌 5个维度构建人居环境满意度评价指标体系，采用田野调查法、面对面访谈对 65个行政村开展实地调研，运用统计分析、ArcGIS及地理探测器等工具，探究农村人居环境建设满意程度及空间分布特征和驱动因素。结果表明：人居环境质量综合得分0.670 5，处中等偏上水平，52.31%的村庄高于均值，村际差异不大；人居环境质量满意度水平呈西南部>东北部>中间过渡带的梯度递减格局，兼具典型的核心-边缘结构特征，呈显著高-高、低-低集聚特征；生态环境子系统、基础设施环境子系统空间分布村际差异显著，而居住环境、公共服务设施环境和文化风貌环境子系统空间分布呈集聚特征。土地灌溉、建筑布局与风格、厕所状况、教育设施、商业环境和文化活动是影响人居环境质量的主导因子。研究表明，移民群体对人居环境建设成果的整体满意度较高，研究区人居环境建设成果空间分异明显，但因政府主导的均衡化政策，形成了“有限差异”的独特格局，基础设施（如灌溉、厕所）和公共服务（教育、商业）是短期内提升满意度的关键干预点，长期来看，经济发展仍是提升人居环境质量的核心动力。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study explored immigrants′ satisfaction with the quality of the human settlement environment（HSE）and its spatial distribution characteristics and formation mechanisms in Hongsibu District of Ningxia, China, an ecological immigrant area, aiming to reveal the uniqueness of HSE spatial restructuring under government intervention and provide theoretical support for differentiated rural HSE optimization. An evaluation index system was constructed from five dimensions：ecological environment, infrastructure, living conditions, public service facilities, and cultural landscape. Field surveys and face-to-face interviews were conducted in 65 villages, and statistical analysis, ArcGIS, and geographical detector models were employed to assess satisfaction levels, spatial distribution patterns, and driving factors. The results showed that the comprehensive score of HSE quality was 0.670 5, indicating a medium-high level, 52.31% of villages scored above the average, suggesting limited inter-village disparities. The satisfaction level with HSE quality exhibited a gradually decreasing pattern of southwestern region>northeastern region>transitional middle zone. The results demonstrated typical core-periphery structural characteristics. Spatial analysis revealed significant high-high and low-low agglomeration distribution patterns. The ecological environment subsystem and infrastructure environment subsystem exhibited significant inter-village spatial disparities, while the residential environment, public service facilities environment, and cultural landscape environment subsystems demonstrated clustered spatial distribution patterns. Key influencing factors included land irrigation, building layout, sanitation facilities, educational services, commercial environment, and cultural activities. The study demonstrates that while HSE outcomes in the study area exhibit clear spatial differentiation, government-led balancing policies create a unique pattern of limited disparity, with resettled residents maintaining overall high satisfaction. In the short term, infrastructure（irrigation, sanitation）and public services（education, commerce）represent critical intervention points for satisfaction improvement; in the long term, economic development continues to serve as the core driver of HSE quality enhancement. |
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