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| 锌/硒互作对小麦和玉米锌硒强化的影响 |
| Effects of zinc/selenium interaction on zinc and selenium biofortification in wheat and maize |
| 投稿时间：2024-07-09 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2024.0507 |
| 中文关键词: 锌硒互作 小麦 玉米 生物强化 叶面喷施 |
| 英文关键词: zinc-selenium interaction wheat maize biofortification foliar application |
| 基金项目:中央高校基本科研业务费专项（2022TC121） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 陈炳桥 | 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100193 | | | 陶焱金 | 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100193 | | | 胡江鹏 | 全国农业技术推广服务中心, 北京 100026 | | | 杜森 | 全国农业技术推广服务中心, 北京 100026 | | | 王琪 | 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100193 | | | 万亚男 | 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100193 | wanyanan@cau.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究锌/硒互作对小麦和玉米锌和硒累积的影响，本研究通过田间试验，对小麦和玉米进行单独及复合叶面喷施锌肥和硒肥处理，分析不同处理对作物锌硒含量的影响。结果表明：单独喷施锌肥（0.4%硫酸锌）能够提高小麦和玉米籽粒中的锌含量，使其籽粒锌含量分别由36.51 mg·kg-1和37.10 mg·kg-1提升至42.48 mg·kg-1和42.96 mg·kg-1，达到了谷物富锌参考值（40 mg·kg-1）。单独喷施硒肥（0.004%亚硒酸钠或0.004%硒酸钠）显著提高了小麦和玉米籽粒硒含量，且在玉米中硒酸钠的效果优于亚硒酸钠：喷施亚硒酸钠和硒酸钠使小麦籽粒硒含量由0.22 mg·kg-1分别提高至0.69 mg·kg-1和0.74 mg·kg-1；使玉米籽粒硒含量由0.06 mg·kg-1分别提高至0.29 mg·kg-1和0.59 mg·kg-1，均达到谷物富硒参考值（0.15 mg·kg-1）。相对于单独喷施锌肥，锌/硒复合进一步增加了小麦籽粒锌含量，且复配硒酸钠的效果优于复配亚硒酸钠，分别增加16.01%和23.58%。而对于玉米，与单独喷施锌肥相比，锌硒复合对籽粒锌含量略有降低。不同形态硒肥与锌肥复合对作物硒含量产生了不同的影响：相对于单独喷施，亚硒酸钠复合锌后表现为轻微拮抗效果，硒酸盐复合后则表现为进一步提高了小麦和玉米籽粒硒含量，分别高出 59.46%和 83.05%。研究表明，不同叶面喷施处理均能增加小麦籽粒锌硒含量，硒酸钠复合硫酸锌增加锌、硒效果最好。对于玉米，叶面单独喷施硫酸锌增锌效果最为明显，硒酸盐复合硫酸锌喷施增加的硒含量最高。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study aimed to investigate the effect of zinc / selenium interactions on the accumulation of zinc and selenium in wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）and maize（Zea mays L.）. A field experiment involving foliar applications of zinc and selenium, both individually and in combination was carried out, to analyze their impact on the zinc and selenium content of these crops. Results showed that foliar application of zinc sulfate（0.4%）significantly increased zinc content in the grains of wheat and maize, increasing levels from 36.51 mg· kg-1 and 37.10 mg·kg-1 to 42.48 mg·kg-1 and 42.96 mg·kg-1, respectively, thereby exceeding the reference value for zinc-enriched grains （40 mg·kg-1）. Similarly, selenium application（0.004% sodium selenite or sodium selenate）substantially enhanced selenium content, with sodium selenate proving more effective than sodium selenite, particularly in maize. Selenium content in wheat grains increased from 0.22 mg·kg-1 to 0.69 mg·kg-1 and 0.74 mg·kg-1 with sodium selenite and sodium selenate, respectively, while in maize, it rose from 0.06 mg· kg-1 to 0.29 mg·kg-1 and 0.59 mg·kg-1, meeting the selenium-enriched grain standard（0.15 mg·kg-1）. The combined application of zinc and selenium further increased zinc content in wheat grains, with sodium selenate proving more effective than sodium selenite, showing increases by 16.01% and 23.58%, respectively. However, in maize, this combination slightly reduced grain zinc content compared with zinc application alone. The selenium content exhibited varied responses to different selenium forms combined with zinc; sodium selenite showed a slight antagonistic effect, whereas sodium selenate significantly enhanced selenium content in both wheat and maize grains, increasing by 59.46% and 83.05%, respectively. In conclusion, foliar application of sodium selenate combined with zinc sulfate is the most effective treatment for increasing both zinc and selenium content in wheat. For maize, zinc sulfate alone is most effective for enhancing zinc content, while the combination of sodium selenate and zinc sulfate result in the highest increase in selenium content. |
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