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| 我国北方镉污染农田适宜镉低积累小麦品种筛选及各部位镉积累特征分析 |
| Screening of suitable wheat varieties with low cadmium accumulation in cadmium-contaminated farmland in northern China and characterization of cadmium accumulation |
| 投稿时间：2025-01-16 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2025.0041 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 聚类分析 镉低积累品种 关键部位 镉积累特性 |
| 英文关键词: wheat cluster analysis low Cd accumulation variety critical part Cd accumulation characteristic |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFD1700100，2023YFD1700102）；陕西省公益性地质调查项目（201908）；河南省中央引导地方科技发展资金项目（Z20231811144）；驻马店市科技创新青年专项（QNZX202320）；河南省科技攻关项目（242102111149） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为筛选出适宜于我国北方镉（Cd）污染农田种植的小麦Cd低积累品种，本研究利用299份遗传背景丰富的小麦材料，种植于陕西潼关、河南济源两地Cd污染农田，进行为期两年的小麦Cd低积累品种筛选试验。结果表明，不同小麦品种籽粒Cd含量差异显著，潼关、济源两地不同小麦品种籽粒Cd含量范围分别为0.073~0.247、0.003~0.491 mg·kg-1，不同小麦品种籽粒Cd含量差距分别可达3.38、163.67倍。利用聚类分析方法结合我国小麦籽粒Cd含量国家安全标准（<0.1 mg·kg-1），初步筛选出10份小麦Cd低积累品种，分别为Sylvie、Nadosinska、SOUS-1/ARREHANE、中国春、铭贤169、水源11、洛麦23、济麦22、红茧儿麦、粮春1571，结合小麦农艺性状，最终确定3个产量性状较好且具有Cd低积累特性的品种，分别为洛麦23、济麦22、粮春1571。同时选取8份籽粒具有显著Cd积累特性差异的小麦品种进行各部位Cd积累特性差异分析，确定了影响小麦籽粒Cd积累的关键部位为根部、旗叶、穗下茎节、穗下茎节间、穗轴。综上，本研究不仅筛选出适合我国北方Cd污染农田种植的Cd低积累小麦品种，丰富了Cd低积累小麦种质资源，同时确定了影响小麦籽粒Cd积累的关键部位，为我国北方Cd污染农田小麦安全种植提供理论指导。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to screen out wheat varieties with low cadmium（Cd）accumulation that are suitable for planting in Cd-polluted farmland in northern China, the present study utilized 299 wheat materials with rich genetic backgrounds and planted them in Cd-polluted farmland in Tongguan, Shaanxi Province, and Jiyuan, Henan Province, to conduct a two-year screening test of low Cd accumulation varieties of wheat. The results showed that there were significant differences in the Cd content between different wheat varieties, and the ranges of Cd content of grain between different wheat varieties in Tongguan and Jiyuan were 0.073-0.247 and 0.003-0.491 mg kg-1, respectively, and the difference in the Cd content of grain between different wheat varieties could be up to 3.38 and 163.67 times. Using cluster analysis method combined with national safety standard for Cd content of wheat grain in China（<0.1 mg·kg-1）, 10 wheat germplasm with low Cd accumulation were preliminarily screened out：Sylvie, Nadosinska, SOUS-1/ARREHANE, China Spring, Mingxian 169, Shuiyuan 11, Luomai 23, Jimai 22, Hongzhongermai, and Liangchun 1571. Combined with the agronomic traits of wheat, three varieties with better yield traits and low Cd accumulation characteristic were finally identified：Luomai 23, Jimai 22, and Liangchun 1571. At the same time, we selected 8 wheat varieties with significant differences in Cd accumulation characteristic of grain to analyze the differences in Cd accumulation characteristic in each wheat part, and identified the key parts that affect the accumulation of Cd in wheat grain：root, flag leaf, sub-spike node, sub-spike node, spike rachi. In summary, in this study, we not only screened out low Cd accumulation wheat varieties suitable for planting in Cdcontaminated farmland in northern China, enriched low Cd accumulation wheat germplasm resources, and at the same time determined the key parts of wheat grain affecting Cd accumulation, so as to provide theoretical guidance for the safe planting of wheat in Cd-contaminated farmland in northern China. |
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