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| 有机肥不同替代比例对草莓品质及土壤微生物群落的影响 |
| Effects of different substitution ratios of organic fertilizers on strawberry quality and soil microbial community |
| 投稿时间：2024-12-13 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2024.0996 |
| 中文关键词: 有机肥替代 草莓品质 土壤微生物 群落组成 |
| 英文关键词: organic fertilizer replacement strawberry quality soil microorganism community composition |
| 基金项目:安徽省教育厅自然科学重点项目（2022AH050911）；国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFD1702100） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨不同有机肥替代比例对草莓土壤微生物群落的影响，提出最佳的草莓有机肥替代方案，本研究设置空白对照（CK）、常规施肥（CG）、化肥施肥（HF）、羊粪替代 30% 氮肥（FF）、有机肥替代 15%、30%、50% 氮肥（T1、T2、T3）及 30%、60% 磷肥（P1、P2），利用高通量测序技术测定草莓品质、土壤化学性质与土壤微生物群落结构组成及群落多样性的关系。结果表明：草莓产量及品质和土壤化学指标方面，各处理较HF处理均有不同程度的提升。而与CG处理相比，P2处理草莓产量、维生素C含量和糖酸比分别显著提升 29.0%、15.7% 和 41.7%（P<0.05），pH 值、有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮和有效磷含量分别显著提升18.9%、37.0%、39.2%、5.8%、22.0%、15.1%和14.8%（P<0.05）。微生物群落分析显示，在一年试验期内，P2处理细菌群落丰富度及多样性指数最高，而FF处理在真菌丰富度方面效果较为突出。P2处理促进芽孢杆菌属富集，且芽孢杆菌属与土壤养分呈极显著正相关。研究表明，单季有机肥替代60%磷肥的施肥方案在提高草莓产量、改善果实品质、调控土壤养分及优化微生物群落结构方面效果显著。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore the effects of different organic fertilizer replacement ratios on the microbial community of strawberry soil and to propose the best organic fertilizer replacement program for strawberry, this study set up blank control（CK）, conventional fertilization （CG）, chemical fertilization（HF）, sheep manure replacing 30% nitrogen fertilizer（FF）, organic fertilizers replacing 15%, 30%, 50% nitrogen fertilizers（T1, T2, and T3）, and 30% and 60% phosphorus fertilizers（P1, P2）, and the relationship between strawberry quality, soil chemical properties and soil microbial community structure and diversity were determined by high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that strawberry yield, quality and soil chemical indexes were improved to different degrees in all treatments compared with the HF treatment, while strawberry yield, vitamin C content and sugar-acid ratio were significantly improved by 29.0%, 15.7% and 41.7% in the P2 treatment compared with the CG treatment（P<0.05）. pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, alkaline dissolved nitrogen and effective phosphorus were significantly improved by 18.9%, 37.0%, 39.2%, 5.8%, 22.0%, 15.1% and 14.8% （P<0.05）in the P2 treatment compared with the CG treatment. Microbial community analysis showed that the P2 treatment had the highest bacterial community abundance and diversity index, while the FF treatment had a more prominent effect on fungal abundance during the one-year experimental period. Moreover, the P2 treatment promoted the enrichment of Bacillus spp. and the positive correlation between Bacillus spp. and soil nutrients was highly significant. The study shows that the fertilization program of replacing 60% of phosphorus fertilizer with organic fertilizer in a single season is effective in increasing strawberry yield, improving fruit quality, regulating soil nutrients, and optimizing the structure of microbial communities. |
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