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| 非农就业对农业绿色生产效率的影响及作用机制——以江苏省为例 |
| Impact and mechanism of non-agricultural employment on agricultural green production efficiency：a case study of Jiangsu Province |
| 投稿时间：2025-02-28 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2025.0147 |
| 中文关键词: 非农就业 绿色生产效率 中介效应 调节效应 江苏省 |
| 英文关键词: non-agricultural employment green production efficiency mediating effect regulating effect Jiangsu Province |
| 基金项目:北京市社会科学基金重点项目（20LLZZB047）；北京市社会科学基金一般项目（17YJB012） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究非农就业对农业绿色发展的影响，本研究基于2020年中国土地经济调查（CLES）数据，以江苏省为案例，通过非期望产出的EBM模型测算农业绿色生产效率，并借助计量模型实证分析非农就业对农业绿色生产效率的影响及作用机制。研究发现：非农就业对农业绿色生产效率存在显著的抑制效应，且该效应在稳健性检验中保持一致。农业劳动力的人力资本和耕地经营规模是非农就业影响绿色生产效率的重要中介变量，两者中介效应占总效应的 52.53%，其中人力资本的中介效应更为显著。机械化水平的提升能够显著缓解非农就业对农业绿色生产效率的负面影响。基于作物种植种类和农户绿色技术采纳程度的异质性分析发现，开展多样化作物种植和绿色技术采纳程度较高的农户，其绿色生产效率受非农就业的抑制作用明显减弱。据此，建议提升农业劳动力素质，优化土地流转与规模经营，提高农业机械化水平，推广多样化种植与绿色技术，并优化绿色农产品市场运行机制，以促进农业高质量发展。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the impact of non-agricultural employment on agricultural green development, this study used data from the 2020 China Land Economic Survey（CLES）and took Jiangsu Province as a case study. It employed the Epsilon-based Measure（EBM）model to measure agricultural green production efficiency, and employed econometric models to analyze the impact of non-agricultural employment on agricultural green production efficiency and its mechanisms. The findings indicated that non-agricultural employment had a significant negative effect on agricultural green production efficiency, which remained consistent in robustness tests. The human capital of agricultural labor and the scale of cultivated land operations were important mediating variables for the impact of non-agricultural employment on green production efficiency. The mediating effect of the two accounted for 52.53% of the total effect, with the mediating effect of human capital being more significant. An increase in the level of mechanization could significantly regulate the negative impact of non-agricultural employment on agricultural green production efficiency. Heterogeneity analysis based on crop variety and the degree of adoption of green technologies by farmers showed that households engaged in diversified crop cultivation and with a higher degree of green technology adoption experienced a significantly weaker negative effect of non-agricultural employment on their green production efficiency. Based on these findings, it is recommended to enhance the quality of agricultural labor, optimize land transfer and large-scale operations, increase the level of agricultural mechanization, promote diversified cropping and green technologies, and improve the market operation mechanisms for green agricultural products, in order to facilitate high-quality agricultural development. |
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