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| 粮食主产区旱地和水田土壤有效态铁锌硼钼的变化特征及其影响因素 |
| Characteristics and influence factors of soil available iron，zinc，boron and molybdenum in upland and paddy field across major grain production areas of China |
| 投稿时间：2024-09-09 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2024.0717 |
| 中文关键词: 土地利用方式，微量元素，土壤有机质，土壤pH，影响因素 |
| 英文关键词: land use type, trace element, soil organic matter, soil pH, influence factor |
| 基金项目:科技部基础资源调查专项（2021FY100501） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 微量元素对农作物生长的影响不容忽视，研究土壤有效态铁锌硼钼的区域变化特征及其影响因素对耕地土壤微量元素管理和合理施肥具有重要意义。基于覆盖全国的耕地质量监测网络观测的 1 647组土壤微量元素和基本化学性质等相关数据，本研究比较分析了2016年和2021年全国及不同区域（东北、华北、西北和南方）旱地和水田土壤有效态铁锌硼钼含量的变化特征及其影响因素。结果表明：与旱地相比，全国水田土壤有效铁含量显著增加了 3.04倍。旱地和水田土壤有效铁含量存在明显的区域变化特征，其中东北和南方地区旱地有效铁含量显著高于西北和华北地区；全国水田有效锌平均含量比旱地高17%，西北地区旱地有效锌含量最低；全国旱地有效硼平均含量是水田的 1.63倍，南方地区旱地和水田有效硼含量无显著差异且显著低于其他区域；全国及各区域旱地和水田土壤有效钼含量差异不显著且不存在明显的区域变化特征。全国及各区域旱地和水田土壤有效铁、锌、硼、钼受土壤pH影响较大。全国旱地和水田有效铁和锌与pH显著负相关，有效硼与pH正相关，旱地有效钼与pH负相关。此外，有效铁、锌、硼、钼与土壤有机质（SOM）、全氮（TN）等显著正相关，且在不同区域这些因素对微量元素的影响程度存在差异。研究表明，全国粮食产区旱地有效态铁、锌平均含量显著低于水田，有效硼高于水田，但有效态钼与水田相比无明显差异，这四种微量元素的区域变化特征主要受土壤pH和有机质影响。粮食产区有效态铁、锌、硼、钼含量存在明显的区域变化特征，因此针对性施用微量元素肥料对提升区域粮食产量具有重要意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The impacts of trace elements on crop growth cannot be ignored. Investigating the regional characteristics of changes in soil available iron, zinc, boron and molybdenum, and their influence factors, is of great significance for soil trace element management and rational fertilization in cultivated land. Based on 1 647 sets of data on soil trace elements and basic chemical properties observed by the national cultivated land quality monitoring network, the characteristics and influencing factors of iron, zinc, boron and molybdenum contents were analyzed in upland and paddy field across major grain production areas of China（northeast, north, northwest and south）. Compared with upland, the soil available iron content in paddy field significantly increased by 3.04 folds on average across regions of China. There were significantly regional variations in soil available iron in upland and paddy field, with values in upland substantially higher in the northeast and southern regions relative to the northwest and northern regions. The soil available zinc content significantly increased by 17% on average in paddy field relative to upland across China, and the available zinc content in northwest China was the lowest. The available boron content in upland soil was 1.63 folds higher on average as compared to paddy field across China. There was no significant difference in available boron content across upland and paddy field in southern China, in which both were significantly lower than those in other regions. There was no significant difference in soil available molybdenum content in upland and paddy fields at national and regional scales. The soil available iron, zinc, boron and molybdenum were greatly affected by soil pH in upland and paddy fields at national and regional scales. Soil pH was negatively correlated with available iron and zinc, and positively correlated with available boron in upland and paddy fields across China. The upland soil available molybdenum was negatively correlated with soil pH. In addition, soil available iron, zinc, boron and molybdenum positively related to soil organic matter and total nitrogen, with their contribution varied greatly across regions. The upland soil was characteristics with significantly lower available iron and zinc, higher available boron, and absence of difference in available molybdenum, as compared to paddy field across major grain production areas of China. The regional variation in soil available iron, zinc, boron and molybdenum were mainly affected by soil pH and organic matter. The contents of soil available iron, zinc, boron and molybdenum in grain producing areas have obvious regional changes, so the targeted application of trace element fertilizer is of great significance to improve the regional grain yield. |
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