|
| 长期施肥对双季稻田土壤重金属剖面分布的影响 |
| Effects of long-term fertilization on the distribution of heavy metal profiles in double cropping paddy field |
| 投稿时间：2024-11-28 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2024.0940 |
| 中文关键词: 稻田，重金属，剖面土壤，有机肥，长期施肥 |
| 英文关键词: paddy, heavy metal, profile soil, organic fertilizer, long-term fertilization |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划课题（2023YFD1700102）；国家自然科学基金项目（42077374） |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 1507 |
| 全文下载次数: 777 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 本研究旨在解析长期不同施肥方式对双季稻田剖面土壤中重金属分布特征的影响。本研究依托始于1986年的长期定位施肥试验，采集施肥 30 年后的剖面（0~10、10~20、20~30、30~40、40~50、50~60 cm）土壤样品，对比分析不施肥（CK）、全化肥（NPK）、高氮化肥（HN）、稻草还田配施化肥（ST）、低量有机肥配施化肥（LM）、高量有机肥配施化肥（HM）6个处理下剖面土壤Pb、Cu、Zn、Fe和Mn全量和有效态含量变化与分布特征，并结合土壤有机碳（SOC）含量探讨了其成因。结果表明：长期施用化肥和有机肥均会导致Pb、Cu和Zn在耕层（0~20 cm）聚集，Fe和Mn则是在中下层土壤出现聚集现象；长期施用高量猪粪有机肥显著提高0~20 cm 层土壤 Cu、Zn 和 Pb 全量，与 CK 相比其增幅分别为 99.89%~195.13%、20.92%~55.03% 和 25.80%~42.16%，土壤有效态 Cu和 Zn在 0~30 cm层较其他处理显著提高 45.76%~857.15%和 75.54%~2 290.32%，其效应随有机肥用量增加而增强，但对 Fe和 Mn无明显影响；长期不同施肥处理的剖面土壤中 Pb、Cu、Zn 全量和有效态含量与 SOC 含量关系密切，两者累积特征呈现高度一致性。长期施用高量猪粪有机肥会导致耕层乃至更深层土壤中Cu、Zn和Pb等重金属全量和有效性显著提升，因而施用有机肥过程需关注和防控土壤重金属的累积风险。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study aims to clarify the distribution characteristics of heavy metals in paddy soil profiles under long-term different fertilizations. The study was based on a long-term fertilization experiment conducted in 1986. Soil samples（0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-50, 50-60 cm）were collected from profiles after 30 years of fertilization. There were 6 treatments as control without fertilization（CK）, chemical fertilizer（NPK）, high nitrogen chemical fertilizer（HN）, rice straw incorporation（ST）, low and high dosage of pig manure（LM and HM）. The changes and distribution patterns of total and available contents of Pb, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn in the soil profile under 6 treatments were compared and analyzed. The results were discussed in conjunction with the content of soil organic carbon（SOC）. The findings indicated that long-term application of chemical and organic fertilizers resulted in the gathering of Pb, Cu, and Zn in the plow layer（0-20 cm）, while Fe and Mn predominantly gathering in the middle and lower soil layers. Long-term application of high amounts of pig manure organic fertilizer significantly increased the total contents of Cu, Zn, and Pb in the 0-20 cm soil layer, compared with CK, the HM treatment showed increases of 99.89%-195.13%, 20.92%-55.03%, and 25.80%-42.16%, respectively. Moreover, the available Cu and Zn in the 0- 30 cm soil layer significantly increased by 45.76% - 857.15% and 75.54% - 2 290.32%, respectively. This effect intensified with the increased application of organic fertilizer. While, the long-term application of manure showed limited accumulation effect on Fe and Mn in 0-30 cm soil. The total and available contents of Pb, Cu, and Zn in the soil profile under long-term different fertilization treatments were closely correlated with SOC content, and their accumulation patterns were highly consistent. Our research indicates that long-term application of high amounts of pig manure significantly enhances the total content and bioavailability of heavy metals such as Cu, Zn, and Pb in both the plow layer and deeper soil layers. Therefore, attention should be given to the potential risks of heavy metal accumulation in soils during organic fertilizer application, and appropriate preventive measures should be implemented. |
| HTML
查看全文
查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 关闭 |
|
|
|
