文章摘要
6种土壤调理剂对酸性水稻土改良效果的综合评价
Comprehensive evaluation of the effects of six soil conditioners on the amelioration of acidic paddy soils
投稿时间:2024-12-09  
DOI:10.13254/j.jare.2024.0969
中文关键词: 水稻土,土壤酸化,土壤调理剂,主成分分析,土壤质量指数,综合评价
英文关键词: paddy soil, soil acidification, soil conditioner, principal component analysis, soil quality index, comprehensive evaluation
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1901301)
作者单位E-mail
杨右君 华南农业大学资源环境学院, 农业农村部华南耕地保育重点实验室, 广州 510642
华南农业大学资源环境学院, 广东省农业资源利用重点实验室, 广州 510642 
 
冯浪佳 华南农业大学资源环境学院, 农业农村部华南耕地保育重点实验室, 广州 510642
华南农业大学资源环境学院, 广东省农业资源利用重点实验室, 广州 510642 
 
任科润 华南农业大学资源环境学院, 农业农村部华南耕地保育重点实验室, 广州 510642
华南农业大学资源环境学院, 广东省农业资源利用重点实验室, 广州 510642 
 
王进进 华南农业大学资源环境学院, 农业农村部华南耕地保育重点实验室, 广州 510642
华南农业大学资源环境学院, 广东省农业资源利用重点实验室, 广州 510642 
 
张玉龙 华南农业大学资源环境学院, 农业农村部华南耕地保育重点实验室, 广州 510642
华南农业大学资源环境学院, 广东省农业资源利用重点实验室, 广州 510642 
 
李文彦 华南农业大学资源环境学院, 农业农村部华南耕地保育重点实验室, 广州 510642
华南农业大学资源环境学院, 广东省农业资源利用重点实验室, 广州 510642 
 
李永涛 华南农业大学资源环境学院, 农业农村部华南耕地保育重点实验室, 广州 510642
华南农业大学资源环境学院, 广东省农业资源利用重点实验室, 广州 510642 
 
胡峥 华南农业大学资源环境学院, 农业农村部华南耕地保育重点实验室, 广州 510642
华南农业大学资源环境学院, 广东省农业资源利用重点实验室, 广州 510642 
z.hu@scau.edu.cn 
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中文摘要:
      为评价6种碱性土壤调理剂对酸性土壤改良的影响,本研究以广东省韶关市水稻土为供试土壤,进行为期90 d的室内培养试验。试验选用6种经农业农村部登记的土壤调理剂并设置7个处理,分别为:CK(不施调理剂)、X1(燃煤烟气脱硫石膏)、X2(钼尾矿、白云石)、X3(硝酸磷肥副产品)、X4(牡蛎壳、石灰石、甜叶菊渣)、X5(牡蛎壳)、X6(白云石、钾长石、石灰石)。选择pH、有机质、速效钾、有效磷、碱解氮、水稳性土壤大团聚体、阳离子交换量(CEC)和土壤呼吸强度作为土壤质量评价指标,并通过主成分分析和土壤质量指数法(SQI)进行综合评价。结果表明:与CK相比,6种调理剂处理土壤pH值提升了1.09~1.66个单位,有机质和 CEC 分别增加 3.62%~12.15% 和 7.50%~16.25%,但碱解氮下降 4.24%~10.28%。其中,X1、X3 和 X5 处理显著提高有效磷12.69%~40.10%;X1、X3、X5、X6处理导致速效钾下降5.61%~10.01%;X4处理含有机物质能显著提高土壤呼吸强度42.62%,其他处理则降低10.84%~54.95%;X1、X3、X4、X6处理土壤大团聚体的含量提高2.63%~7.89%。基于SQI评价,燃煤烟气脱硫石膏处理和白云石、钾长石、石灰石处理对酸性水稻土的改良效果最佳,土壤pH、有机质、有效磷和CEC对土壤质量提升的贡献率较大,是影响土壤质量改良的主要因素。
英文摘要:
      The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of six alkaline soil conditioners on improving acidic soil quality. An indoor incubation experiment was conducted using paddy soil from Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province for 90 days. Six soil conditioners registered by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs were used in the experiment and seven treatments were set up:CK(no conditioner), X1(desulfurization gypsum from coal-fired flue gas), X2(molybdenum tailings and dolomite), X3(by-product of nitrophosphate fertilizer), X4(oyster shells, limestone and stevia residue), X5(oyster shells), and X6(dolomite, potassium feldspar and limestone). Soil quality assessment indicators were selected as pH, organic matter, available potassium, available phosphorus, alkalihydrolyzable nitrogen, water-stable soil macroaggregates, cation exchange capacity(CEC)and soil respiration. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted through principal component analysis and soil quality index(SQI)method. The results showed that compared with CK, the pH of the soil treated with the six conditioners increased by 1.06-1.09 units, organic matter and CEC increased by 3.62%-12.15% and 7.50%-16.25%, respectively, but the alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen decreased by 4.24%-10.28%. Among them, treatments X1, X3 and X5 significantly increased available phosphorus by 12.69%-40.10%; X1, X3, X5 and X6 led to a decrease in available potassium by 5.61%- 10.01%; treatment X4 containing organic matter significantly increased the soil respiration intensity by 42.62%, while the other five treatments decreased by 10.84%-54.95%; treatments X1, X3, X4 and X6 increased the content of soil macroaggregates by 2.63%-7.89%. Based on the SQI evaluation, desulfurization gypsum from coal-fired flue gas treatment and dolomite, potassium feldspar and limestone treatment had the best improvement effects on acidic paddy soil. Soil pH, organic matter, available phosphorus and CEC made significant contributions to the improvement of soil quality and were identified as the main factors influencing soil quality enhancement.
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