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| 天津市滨海新区宅基地复垦耕地适宜性及利用潜力评价 |
| Suitability and utilization potential evaluation of reclaimed cultivated lands in rural homestead of Binhai District, Tianjin Municipality |
| 投稿时间：2025-05-23 修订日期：2025-07-29 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 宅基地 复垦 耕地适宜性 土壤肥力 改造利用 |
| 英文关键词: Homestead Reclaimation Cultivation suitability Soil fertility Reforming |
| 基金项目:农业农村部环境保护科研监测所所级统筹竞争性科研项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 我国农村闲置宅基地面积较大,并且具有潜力复垦为耕地,对其改造利用是补充被占用耕地的重要途径。本文选取天津市滨海新区闲置宅基地作为北方盐碱化地区宅基地的典型代表,采集土壤剖面样品60组,选取19种评价因子,主要包括土壤物理、化学、养分、污染及微量元素等指标,利用模糊数学法结合多元统计学方法建立耕地适宜性评价模型,对复垦宅基地地力特征、环境质量及耕地适宜性进行评价,并对闲置宅基地改造利用潜力与对策进行分析。结果表明：研究区内宅基地土壤为典型的滨海盐碱土,有机质、全氮、全磷处于极缺到中等水平,全钾含量为适量、较丰富或丰富水平；并且宅基地土壤几乎未受到重金属及有机物污染,但其几乎无微生物活动。宅基地耕地地力指数均值为0.629,在适宜性分级表中属于三级,耕地适宜性评价等级为3.47级,对应为六等地；其有望成为无公害食品、绿色食品生产基地。鉴于宅基地肥力贫瘠、几乎无微生物活动,在复垦地利用初期,需采取合适农艺措施对其进行改良以提高土壤生产力。研究结果旨在为北方滨海盐碱化地区的宅基地复垦提供参考和借鉴。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The total area of idle homestead in rural of China is about 0.75% of the total cultivable acres, and it has great potential for reclamation into cultivated acre, which is an important way to supplement the occupied cultivable acres by reforming idle homestead. The paper takes idle homestead in Binhai New Area of Tianjin municipality as a typical representative of the homestead in the salinized coastal areas of the Northern of China. Totally, 60 sets of soil profile samples were collected, and 19 evaluation factors were selected, which mainly include physical, chemical, nutrient, pollution and trace elements indicators of soil. Fuzzy mathematics combined with multivariate statistics method were conducted to establish a cultivated land suitability evaluation model, which was to evaluate the land capacity, environmental quality, cultivate land suitability, and project the utilization potential and countermeasures of reclaiming the homestead. It was showed that the homestead soil in the study area was a typical coastal saline-alkali soil, and the organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus were at a very short to medium level, while the total potassium was at levels of moderate, abundant or abundant level. And the soil of the homestead is almost free from heavy metal and organic pollutants, but there is almost no microbial activity. The average integrated fertility index of idle homestead is 0.629, which belongs to the third grade in the suitability grading table, and the evaluation grade of cultivated land suitability is 3.47, corresponding to the sixth grade, which could be considered as the candidate of the production base of pollution-free food and green food potentially. Given the poor fertility and virtually no microbial activity of the idle homestead, appropriate agronomic measures should be taken to improve the soil quality of reclaimed homestead in the early stage of reforming to enhance soil productivity. The results are intended to provide reference for reclamation of homestead in the salinized coastal areas of the Northern of China. |
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