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| 小东江水系河流沉积物磷素赋存形态及其环境意义 |
| Phosphorus forms in sediments of Xiaodongjiang River and its environmental importance |
| 投稿时间：2023-11-22 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2023.0755 |
| 中文关键词: 小东江，磷赋存形态，人类活动，磷来源 |
| 英文关键词: Xiaodongjiang River, phosphorus form, anthropogenic activity, phosphorus source |
| 基金项目:茂名市茂南区生态环境保护治理总体技术服务项目（2023-DFKY-0105）；高州市农业面源污染治理与监督指导试点项目（二次）（E22M2000AL） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 毛珊珊 | 新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院, 乌鲁木齐 830054
中国环境科学研究院, 北京 100012 | | | 张秋英 | 中国环境科学研究院, 北京 100012 | | | 李曹乐 | 中国环境科学研究院, 北京 100012 | | | 李兆 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101 | liz.18b@igsnrr.ac.cn | | 张宇军 | 广东省茂名生态环境监测站, 广东 茂名 525000 | | | 李发东 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101
中国科学院大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100190 | | | 舒旺 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101 | | | 王登超 | 中国环境科学研究院, 北京 100012 | | | 郝帅 | 新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院, 乌鲁木齐 830054 | haoshuai1869@163.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 河流磷（P）主要来源于底泥内源释放和外源输入，为探讨河流沉积物-水界面磷赋存形态组分及影响因素，本研究以华南地区典型河流小东江为研究对象，采集水体和沉积物样品，分析其磷赋存形态。采用连续提取法逐步进行提取，结合土地利用类型，探究沉积物-水中磷赋存形态的组成、分布特征及潜在生物可利用性，辨识沉积物中磷赋存形态的来源。结果表明，水体总磷浓度为0.13~0.33 mg·L-1，水体无机磷占水体总磷的64.79%~94.78%。沉积物总磷平均含量为219.44 mg·kg-1，沉积物无机磷（占比63.48%）是沉积物总磷的主要表现形式。沉积物无机磷总体表现为铁铝结合态无机磷（44.64%）>潜在活性无机磷（31.40%）>钙结合态无机磷（19.83%）>弱吸附态无机磷（4.12%）；沉积物有机磷总体表现为非活性有机磷（46.39%）>中活性有机磷（27.03%）>潜在活性有机磷（19.05%）>弱吸附态有机磷（1.72%）。源解析结果表明：沉积物无机磷与铁铝结合态无机磷、潜在活性无机磷、钙结合态无机磷、中活性有机磷呈显著正相关（P<0.001），生活污水排放、工业废水、农田退水等陆源输入是导致铁铝结合态无机磷含量高的主要因素。相关性分析结果表明，铁铝结合态无机磷与潜在活性有机磷、钙结合态无机磷、非活性有机磷呈显著正相关（P<0.01），表明其来源具有一定相似性。沉积物磷释放通量为0.011~0.394 mg·m-2·d-1，整体上小东江沉积物表现为磷素的“源”，生物直接可利用磷含量较高且空间差异大，这一趋势与人类活动密切相关。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Phosphorus（P）in river mainly comes from endogenous release and exogenous input of sediment. To explore the forms and influencing factors of phosphorus in river sediment-water interface, this study collected water and sediment samples from Xiaodongjiang River（a typical river in south China）to analyze the P forms. The composition, distribution characteristics, and potential bioavailability of P in sediment-water were explored by a continuous extraction method, combined with land use types to identify the source of P in sedimentwater. The total P concentration in water was 0.13–0.33 mg·L-1, and the inorganic P in water accounted for 64.79%–94.78% of the total P concentration in water. The average content of total P in sediments was 219.44 mg·kg-1, and inorganic P content（accounting for 63.48%） was the major form of total P content in sediments. The overall trend of the inorganic P content was as follows：aluminum-bound inorganic P（44.64%）>potentially active inorganic P（31.40%）> calcium-bound inorganic P（19.83%）>weakly adsorbed inorganic P（4.12%）. The overall trend of sediment organic P as：inactive organic P（46.39%）>moderately active organic P（27.03%）>potentially active organic P （19.05%）>weakly adsorbed organic P（1.72%）. The source apportionment results showed that total P content significantly positively correlated with aluminum-bound inorganic P, potentially active inorganic P, calcium-bound inorganic P and moderately active organic P （P<0.001）. Terrestrial inputs such as domestic sewage discharge, industrial wastewater and farmland drainage were the chief factors leading to high iron- aluminum-bound inorganic P content. Correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between ironaluminum-bound inorganic P and potentially active inorganic P, calcium-bound inorganic P, and inactive organic P（P<0.01）, indicating that their sources were similar. The P release flux of sediment was 0.011–0.394 mg·m-2·d-1, and the sediment was“source”overall. The bioavailable P was high and the spatial difference was large, closely related to anthropogenic activities. |
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