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| 基于富硅炉渣制备的水稻专用肥对水稻产量及抗倒伏的影响 |
| Effects of rice special fertilizer based on silicon-rich slag on rice yield and lodging resistance |
| 投稿时间：2023-12-12 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2023.0808 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻，产量，抗倒伏，硅，炉渣 |
| 英文关键词: rice, yield, lodging resistance, silicon, slag |
| 基金项目:云天化股份横向联合项目（YTHZWYJY2021003） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 425 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确富硅炉渣制备的水稻专用肥（SiF1和SiF2）及其富硅生产原料（R1、R2、R3）对水稻产量和抗倒伏能力的增效作用，在氮磷钾养分等量投入的前提下，通过田间小区试验，设置常规施肥（NPK）、常规施肥＋富硅原料R1（NPKR1）、常规施肥＋富硅原料R2（NPKR2）、常规施肥＋富硅原料R3（NPKR3）、水稻专用肥1（SiF1）、水稻专用肥2（SiF2）6种肥料处理，研究不同处理对水稻产量、产量构成、干物质积累量、分蘖、农艺性状、植株硅含量及抗倒伏能力的影响。结果表明，与 NPK 处理相比，NPKR1 和NPKR3处理的产量分别显著增加了16.3%和12.5%，且分蘖数、有效穗数和每穗粒数显著增加，功能叶SPAD值提高，促进水稻地上部干物质的积累；与NPK处理相比，NPKR1和NPKR3处理提高了不同器官硅含量，增加了茎秆第二节茎粗、茎壁厚和抗折力，降低了茎秆倒伏指数。与常规施肥＋富硅原料处理（NPKR1、NPKR2、NPKR3）处理相比，SiF1和SiF2处理的产量分别显著增加了8.5%~29.5%和18.9%~42.0%，且综合增效作用优于常规施肥和富硅原料的简单配施。研究表明，两种水稻专用肥和常规施肥+富硅原料均可显著促进水稻生长、改善株型、增加水稻产量和提高茎秆抗倒伏能力，其中水稻专用肥2的综合增效作用最好。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To clarify the synergistic effects of rice special fertilizers（SiF1 and SiF2）, prepared from silicon-rich slag and silicon-rich raw materials（R1, R2 and R3）on rice yield and lodging resistance, six fertilizer treatments were set up through field plot experiment, including conventional fertilization（NPK）, conventional fertilization + silicon-rich raw material R1（NPKR1）, conventional fertilization + siliconrich raw material R2（NPKR2）, conventional fertilization + silicon-rich raw material R3（NPKR3）, rice special fertilizer 1（SiF1）, and rice special fertilizer 2（SiF2）based on equal input of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients. The effects of different treatments on rice yield, yield components, dry matter accumulation, tillering, agronomic traits, plant silicon content, and lodging resistance were studied. The results showed that compared with NPK treatment, the yield of NPKR1 and NPKR3 treatments significantly increased by 16.3% and 12.5%, respectively. The yield also significantly increased the number of tillers, effective panicles, and grains per panicle, increased the SPAD value of functional leaves, and promoted the accumulation of dry matter in the aboveground part of rice. The silicon content of different organs was increased, the stem diameter, stem wall thickness, and breaking resistance of the second section of the stem were increased, and the stem lodging index was reduced. Compared with conventional fertilization + silicon-rich raw material treatment （NPKR1, NPKR2, and NPKR3）, the yield of SiF1 and SiF2 treatments increased by 8.5%–29.5% and 18.9%–42.0%, respectively. The comprehensive, synergistic effect is better than that of conventional fertilization and simple application of silicon-rich raw materials. Two special fertilizers for rice（SiF1 and SiF2）and conventional fertilization + silicon - rich raw materials（R1 and R3）could significantly promote rice growth, improve plant type, increase rice yield, and improve stem lodging resistance. The comprehensive, synergistic effect of rice special fertilizer 2 is the best. |
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