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| 不同改良剂协同巨菌草对煤矸石堆的生态修复研究 |
| Effects of different amendments with Pennisetum giganteum Z. X. Lin in ecological restoration of coal gangue |
| 投稿时间：2023-10-06 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2023.0624 |
| 中文关键词: 铁，锰，磷石膏，有机肥，菌渣，电石渣，土壤养分 |
| 英文关键词: Fe, Mn, phosphogypsum, organic fertilizer, mushroom residue, calcium carbide slag, soil nutrient |
| 基金项目:云南省农业联合专项（202301BD070001-103）；中国地质调查局项目（ZD20220318） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨不同改良剂与巨菌草对煤矸石堆污染的生态修复效果，以覆土及未覆土的煤矸石为研究对象，磷石膏、有机肥、菌渣、电石渣为改良剂，扦插种植巨菌草（Pennisetum giganteum Z.X.Lin），研究改良剂和巨菌草协同作用对煤矸石理化性质、金属元素赋存形态与迁移、植物生长的影响。结果表明：菌渣能显著提高全氮、全磷、碱解氮含量，最高至4.55、2.11 g·kg-1、340.83 mg·kg-1；磷石膏能显著提高速效磷含量，最高至52.20 mg·kg-1；电石渣与有机肥则分别显著提高全钾、速效钾含量，最高至9.19 g·kg-1、196.66 mg·kg-1。煤矸石堆中铁（Fe）、锰（Mn）以残渣态为主，其次为可氧化态、可还原态和酸可提取态。巨菌草地上部Fe含量在覆土措施下均低于未覆土，而地下部Fe含量与之相反；巨菌草地下部Fe含量在覆土措施菌渣改良下最高，为5 126.88 mg·kg-1，地上部Fe含量在无覆土措施有机肥改良下最高，为3 252.69 mg·kg-1；巨菌草地上部与地下部Mn含量均呈现覆土高于未覆土的特征，其中，巨菌草地上部和地下部Mn含量在覆土措施菌渣改良下最高，地上部为257.98 mg·kg-1，地下部为253.46 mg·kg-1。研究表明，覆土措施与菌渣添加能有效提高煤矸石中养分含量并降低Fe、Mn在煤矸石堆中总量，从而减少巨菌草体内过量的Fe、Mn含量，为最佳改良剂。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore the ecological restoration effect of different amendments with Pennisetum giganteum Z. X. Lin on coal gangue pollution, P. giganteum was planted on coal gangue cuttings with covered and uncovered soil, phosphogypsum, organic fertilizer, shiitake mushroom residue, and calcium carbide slag as amendments. The effect of different amendments with plants on the physical chemical properties of coal gangue, occurrence and migration of metallic elements, plant growth, and development were evaluated. We found that shiitake mushroom residue significantly increased the content of total N, total P and alkali-hydrolyzable N to 4.55, 2.11 g·kg-1 and 340.83 mg · kg-1, respectively. Phosphogypsum significantly increased the content of and available P to 52.20 mg · kg-1, respectively. Calcium carbide slag and the organic fertilizer significantly increased the content of total K and available K to 9.19 g·kg-1 and 196.66 mg·kg-1, respectively. Iron（Fe）and Manganese（Mn）in coal gangue were mainly in a residual state, followed by an oxidizable state, reducible state, and exchangeable state. The content of Fe in shoots of P. giganteum with covered soil was lower than that in uncovered soil, but the content of Fe in plant roots was reversed. The content of Fe in P. giganteum roots was the highest under covered soil and shiitake mushroom residue to 5 126.88 mg · kg-1. The content of Fe in P. giganteum shoots was the highest under uncovered soil and organic fertilizer to 3 252.69 mg · kg-1. Mn in the shoots and roots of P. giganteum were higher in covered than in uncovered soil. In particular, Mn in P. giganteum shoots and roots was the highest under covered soil and shiitake mushroom residue, to 257.98 mg·kg-1 and 253.46 mg·kg-1, respectively. In conclusion, covered soil and shiitake mushroom residue are the best amendments and effectively increased the nutrient content and reduced the total concentration of Fe and Mn in coal gangue, and reduced the excessive content of Fe and Mn in P. giganteum. |
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