秸秆与秸秆生物碳配比加剧石灰性潮土N2O气体排放

吕金岭; 张燕; 骆晓声; 纪朝凤; 肖强; 董文旭

文章摘要

秸秆与秸秆生物碳配比加剧石灰性潮土N2O气体排放

The ratio of straw to straw biological carbon increase the emission of N2O gas from calcareous fluvo-aquic soil

投稿时间：2024-12-04 修订日期：2025-03-21

DOI：

中文关键词: 秸秆生物炭秸秆与生物炭配比 N2O排放量石灰性潮土功能基因

英文关键词: Straw biochar Straw and biochar ratio N2O emission flux Calcareous fluvo-aquic soil Functional gene

基金项目:

作者	单位	邮编
吕金岭^*	河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所	450002
张燕	河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所
骆晓声	河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所
纪朝凤	郑州师范学院
肖强	北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所
董文旭	中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心

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中文摘要:

为了探明秸秆与秸秆生物炭配比对典型碱性土壤N2O排放的影响，本试验以石灰性潮土为研究对象，设置CK（空白对照）、CK200（200 mg N·kg-1尿素溶液）、C（全量生物炭+CK200）、S（全量秸秆+CK200）、3/4SC（75%S+25%C）、1/2SC（50%S+50%C）、1/4SC（25%S+75%C）共计七个处理，开展室内培养试验。结果显示，秸秆与生物炭配比显著促进了石灰性潮土N2O排放，尤其3/4SC处理的N2O累积排放量达到1458.7 μg·N·kg-1，是S处理的2.0倍；其次为1/2SC处理，其N2O累积排放量为909.4 μg·N·kg-1，是S处理的1.2倍；再次为1/4SC处理，其N2O排放略高于S处理，但无显著差别(p>0.05)；而C处理N2O累积排放量显著低于S处理，仅是S处理的0.72倍。线性相关性显示，除CK处理外，氮添加处理中的N2O排放量与CO2、NO2--N和NO3--N的含量存在显著的线性相关(p<0.05)，而与NH4+-N含量无明显的线性相关性(p>0.05)；同时发现，1/2SC与S处理的AOB功能基因丰度无明显差别，但显著高于C处理(p<0.05)；相比S处理，1/2SC和C处理的反硝化功能基因nirS、nirK和nosZ丰度都有不同程度的降低，尤其C处理的nirS和nosZ功能的丰度显著低于其他处理(p<0.05)，说明秸秆生物炭添加降低了石灰性潮土反硝化功能微生物的丰度，抑制反硝化过程。本研究表明，秸秆与秸秆生物炭配比在常规氮添加下加剧石灰性土壤N2O的排放，这可能与有机质的有效供给和生物炭改善微生物寄居环境有关，因此纯秸秆生物碳还田更有益于石灰性潮土N2O的减排。

英文摘要:

In order to investigate the effect of straw and straw biochar ratio on N2O emission of typical alkaline soil, calcareous fluvo-aquic soil was used as the research object. Set CK (blank control), CK200 (200 mg) N·kg-1 urea solution), C (full biochar +CK200), S (full straw +CK200), 3/4SC (75%S+25%C), 1/2SC (50%S+50%C), 1/4 Sc (25%S+75%C) were treated, and laboratory culture experiments were carried out. The results showed that the ratio of straw and biochar significantly promoted the N2O emission of calcareous fluvo-aquic soil, especially the cumulative N2O emission of 3/4SC treatment reached 1458.7μg·N·kg-1, which was 2.0 times of that of S treatment. The cumulative N2O emission of 1/2SC treatment was 909.4 μg·N·kg-1, which was 1.2 times that of S treatment. The N2O emission of 1/4SC treatment was slightly higher than that of S treatment (p>0.05). The cumulative N2O emission of C treatment is significantly lower than that of S treatment, only 0.72 times of that of S treatment. The linear correlation showed that, except CK treatment, N2O emission in nitrogen addition treatment had a significant linear correlation with the contents of CO2, NO2--N and NO3--N (p<0.01), but had no significant linear correlation with NH4+-N content (p>0.05). At the same time, there was no significant difference in AOB functional gene abundance between 1/2SC and S treatment, but it was significantly higher than C treatment (p<0.05). Compared with S treatment, the abundance of denitrification functional genes nirS, nirK and nosZ in 1/2SC and C treatment were reduced to varying degrees, especially the abundance of nirS and nosZ in C treatment was significantly lower than that in other treatments (p<0.05), indicating that the addition of straw biochar reduced the abundance of denitrification functional microorganisms in calcaric soil. Inhibit the denitrification process. This study showed that the ratio of straw to straw biochar increased the emission of N2O in calcareous fluvo-aquic soil under conventional nitrogen addition, which may be related to the effective supply of organic matter and the improvement of microbial living environment of biochar. Therefore, the return of pure straw biochar to the field is more beneficial to the emission reduction of N2O in calcareous fluvo-aquic soil.

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