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| 北疆典型盐碱地棉花滴灌灌水技术参数的优化 |
| Optimization of cotton drip irrigation technical parameters in typical saline-alkali land in northern Xinjiang， China |
| 投稿时间：2024-08-31 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2024.0688 |
| 中文关键词: 棉花，滴灌，生长指标，盐碱棉田，产量 |
| 英文关键词: cotton, drip irrigation, growth index, saline-alkali cotton fields, yield |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFD1900803）;新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目（2022B02020） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为确定最适宜北疆典型盐碱地棉花生长的滴灌灌水技术参数，本研究于2022年在新疆克拉玛依进行田间试验，设置2个灌水定额[412.5 mm（W1）和592.5 mm（W2）]与4种滴头流量+滴头间距[1.4 L·h-1+30 cm（T1）、2.4 L·h-1+30 cm（T2）、3.0 L·h-1+30 cm（T3）和3.0 L·h-1+20 cm（T4）]的完全组合，共计8个处理，研究灌溉定额与滴灌技术参数对棉花生长指标、产量及其构成要素、灌溉水利用效率和收获指数的影响。结果表明：高灌水定额（592.5 mm）显著提高了棉花的株高、茎粗、叶面积指数（LAI）、生物量、产量及其构成要素，在滴头流量2.4 L·h-1与30 cm间距组合（T2）条件下表现更佳。低灌水定额（412.5 mm）有效提高了灌溉水利用效率，而高灌水定额则提升了棉花的收获指数（HI）。DTOPSIS-EW综合评价显示，T2W2处理综合得分最高，能够有效兼顾棉花生长、产量及其构成、水资源利用效率和收获指数。研究表明，592.5 mm灌水定额、2.4 L·h-1滴头流量、30 cm滴头间距为北疆盐碱地棉花高效生产的最优滴灌技术参数。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To determine the most suitable drip irrigation technical parameters for cotton growth in typical saline-alkali land in northern Xinjiang. A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of irrigation quotas and drip irrigation technical parameters on cotton growth indexes, yield and its components, irrigation water use efficiency, and harvest indexes in Karamay, Xinjiang, in 2022. Two irrigation quotas of 412.5 mm（W1）and 592.5 mm（W2）with four drip head flow + drip head spacing（1.4 L·h-1+30 cm（T1）, 2.4 L·h-1+30 cm（T2）, 3.0 L · h-1 + 30 cm（T3）, and 3.0 L · h-1 + 20 cm（T4））complete combinations treatment was set up for the experiment, totaling eight treatments. Results showed high irrigation quota（592.5 mm）significantly improved plant height, stem thickness, leaf area index, biomass, yield, and its components in cotton, and performing better under the combination of drip head flow of 2.4 L·h-1 and 30 cm drip head spacing （T2）. The low irrigation quota（412.5 mm） effectively improved cotton irrigation water use efficiency, while high irrigation quota significantly improved cotton harvest index. The DTOPSIS-EW evaluation showed that the T2W2 treatment（592.5 mm irrigation quota, 2.4L · h-1 drip head flow, 30 cm drip head spacing）had the highest score and was able to effectively balance cotton growth, yield and its components, water use efficiency, and harvest index. Therefore, T2W2 treatment is the optimal drip irrigation technological parameter for effective production of cotton in saline-alkali land of the northern Xinjiang, China. |
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