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| 乡村家庭尺度全景碳流模型构建及实证 |
| Construction and empirical evidence of panoramic carbon flow model at rural household scale |
| 投稿时间：2023-08-12 修订日期：2024-01-03 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2023.0519 |
| 中文关键词: 家庭代谢，家庭碳排放，物质流分析，碳流，人地关系 |
| 英文关键词: household metabolism, household carbon emission, material flow analysis, carbon flow, human-nature relationship |
| 基金项目:中国科学院区域发展青年学者计划项目（2021-003）；德国联邦教育与研究部城市地区可持续发展计划“城乡共构”项目（01LE1804A1）；国家留学基金委项目（202104910040，201908320362） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 开展乡村家庭尺度的碳研究对于制定精细化的乡村碳治理策略和实现可持续发展目标具有重要意义。本研究利用物质流方法构建了乡村家庭尺度全景碳流模型，提出家庭的自然边界、社会边界和经济边界等概念，并将家庭活动划分成生产活动、经营活动和生活活动，以此架构了边界内活动及外界系统间的物质流和碳流。同时通过设立结构指标和效率指标构建了家庭碳流的评价指标体系，以衡量家庭碳排放量和碳排放价值，并以山东省淄博市的典型农耕兼业型家庭为例进行了实证分析。结果表明：家庭碳排放主要来源于能源使用，且各碳排放源的排放量差异较大；家庭投入和产出过程的碳排放量分别为 44 637 kg和4 558 kg，碳汇过程的碳汇量为547 kg，循环过程的潜在碳排放量为1 216 kg，投入过程的碳排放量远高于产出过程的碳排放量，并且碳汇和循环过程减少的碳排放量相对较低；家庭碳循环率、碳效率和人均碳排放量分别为21.0%、3.6 元·kg-1和12 162 kg，虽然家庭碳排放水平不高，但仍有较大的减排潜力。因此，未来案例家庭应优化调整消费结构，选择低碳能源产品，采用绿色低碳生活方式，特别是对经营活动产生的厨余垃圾进行垃圾分类，加强绿色基础建设，增设餐厅垂直绿化，在美化景观的同时增加家庭碳汇。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Rural household-scale carbon studies are significant for the development of elaborated rural carbon governance strategies and achievement of sustainable development goals. In this study, we used the material flow analysis method to construct a panoramic carbon flow model at household scale, put forward the concepts of natural boundary, social boundary, and economic boundary, and divided household activities into production, business, and living activities. On this basis, the material and carbon flow between the activities within a boundary and the external system was built. Furthermore, an evaluation index system of household carbon flow was constructed using structure and efficiency indexes to measure household carbon emission and its value. This empirical investigation was conducted at a typical agricultural and part-time home in Zibo City of Shandong Province. The findings show that household carbon emissions are mostly caused by energy usage, and the emissions from each source vary substantially. The carbon emissions of household input and output processes were 44 637 kg and 4 558 kg, respectively, the carbon sink of carbon sink process was 547 kg, and the potential carbon emissions of recycling process was 1 216 kg. Carbon emissions from input processes are much higher than those from output processes, and carbon sinks and recycling processes reduce carbon emissions relatively less. Household carbon recycling rate, household carbon efficiency, and per capita carbon emission were 21.0%, 3.6 yuan·kg-1, and 12 162 kg, respectively. Although the level of household carbon emissions is not high, there is still a large potential for emission reduction in households. Therefore, the main focus of household energy research should be to optimize and modify the consumption structure, select low-carbon energy goods, and promote a low-carbon and green lifestyle. Specifically, food waste generated from business activities should be categorized as waste, and green infrastructure should to be reinforced. Meanwhile, vertical greening of restaurants and other service industry buildings should be increased, which will not only beautify the landscape but also increase the carbon sink of households to promote green development. |
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