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| 长期施肥配施DCD处理对菜地土壤N2O短期排放影响的模拟研究 |
| Simulation on short-term emission of N2O from vegetable soil under long-term fertilization combined with DCD treatment |
| 投稿时间：2023-07-22 修订日期：2023-11-13 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2023.0475 |
| 中文关键词: 长期施肥，DCD，N2O排放，温度，培养试验 |
| 英文关键词: long-term fertilization, DCD, N2O emission, temperature, culture experiment |
| 基金项目:福建省农业科学院科技创新团队项目（CXTD202102-2）；“5511”协同创新工程（XTCXGC2021009）；福建省农业科学院英才项目（YC2021010）；福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项（2023R1073） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为研究长期不同肥源配施双氰胺（Dicyandiamide，DCD）对菜地土壤氧化亚氮（N2O）等温室气体短期排放规律的影响，本研究以长期不同肥源配施 DCD 的定位试验土壤为研究对象，通过短期室内模拟培养试验，研究牛粪（OM）、化肥（F）、牛粪+DCD（OMD）、化肥+DCD（FD）和 1/2化肥+1/2牛粪（FOM）5个处理在不同温度下 15 d内的 CO2、N2O、CH4动态变化特征和累积排放量。结果表明：15 ℃和25 ℃条件下各施肥处理CO2累积排放量分别为25.39~52.01 mg·k-1和62.35~122.80 mg·k-1，N2O累积排放量分别为6.02~16.60 μg·k-1和14.45~117.78 μg·k-1，CH4累积排放量分别为-3.17~14.87 μg·k-1和4.09~23.56 μg·k-1。与15 ℃相比，25 ℃条件下除FOM处理外，其他处理N2O与CO2累积排放量均显著增加（P<0.05）。相比于OM和OMD处理，F、FD、FOM处理在两种温度条件下 CO2排放都显著降低；在 25 ℃下，OMD、FD、FOM 处理 N2O 排放峰值和累积排放量较 OM 和 F 处理显著降低（P<0.05），在15 ℃下，所有处理N2O累积排放量差异均不明显。短期排放模拟研究显示，CO2排放量与土壤pH、总氮（TN）含量呈极显著正相关，与速效磷（Olsen-P）含量呈极显著负相关，15 ℃条件下CH4累积排放量与土壤有机质（SOM）呈极显著正相关（P<0.01）。研究表明，较高温度条件下，与有机肥或化肥单施相比，长期配施DCD或有机无机配施能显著减少菜地土壤N2O排放。研究结果可为长期施用DCD的菜地土壤温室气体排放提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the effects of long-term dicyandiamide（DCD）application on N2O and other greenhouse gas flux from vegetable fields, an incubation experiment was conducted. Soil samples were collected from a long-term localization experiment using different fertilizers in conjunction with DCD, and the dynamic changes and cumulative emissions of CO2, N2O, and CH4 were investigated using gas chromatography. A short-term indoor simulated incubation experiment was conducted with five treatments：cattle manure（OM）, chemical fertilizer（F）, cattle manure + DCD（OMD）, chemical fertilizer + DCD（FD）, and 1/2 chemical fertilizer + 1/2 cattle manure（FOM）at different temperatures for 15 days. The total CO2 emissions under 15 ℃ and 25 ℃ were 25.39-52.01 mg·k-1 and 62.35-122.80 mg·k-1,respectively; the total N2O emissions were 6.02-16.60 μg·k-1 and 14.45-117.78 μg·k-1 respectively, the total emissions of CH4 are -3.17- 14.87 μg·k-1 and 4.09-23.56 μg·k-1. All treatments except FOM showed significantly higher N2O and CO2 emissions at 25 ℃ compared with 15 ℃（P<0.05）. Compared with OM and OMD, CO2 emissions under both temperature conditions were significantly reduced by the treatments of F, FD, and FOM. At 25 ℃, compared with OM and F, the peak and cumulative N2O emissions were significantly reduced by OMD, FD, and FOM（P<0.05）. At 15 ℃, there was no significant difference in N2O cumulative emissions among all treatments. Short-term indoor simulated incubation experiment indicated that CO2 emissions were significantly positively correlated with soil pH and total nitrogen （TN）content, and negatively correlated with Olsen-P content. There was a significant positive relationship between CH 4 emmissions and soil organic matter（SOM）under 15 ℃ conditions（P<0.01）. The results of this study indicated that compared with manure or chemical fertilizer alone at high-temperature conditions, N2O emissions in vegetable fields could be reduced by long-term DCD application or manure combined with chemical fertilizer. The results of this study can provide a fundamental theory regarding greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the long-term use of DCD in vegetable fields. |
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