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| 新疆地区农田地膜残留影响因素及污染强度评价 |
| Characteristics of mulching film residue pollution in farmland and its influencing factors in Xinjiang region |
| 投稿时间：2023-04-23 修订日期：2023-07-28 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2023.0258 |
| 中文关键词: 地膜，残留量，影响因素，聚类分析，新疆地区，污染强度 |
| 英文关键词: mulch film, residual quantity, influencing factors, clustering analysis, Xinjiang region, pollution intensity |
| 基金项目:新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发任务专项（2022B02033） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探明新疆地区地膜残留污染强度和污染分布情况，选择新疆地区625个有效点位进行问卷调查和实地采样，通过熵权法、层次分析法进行组合赋权，对地膜残留影响因素地块面积、距村距离、覆膜年限、覆膜比例进行权重计算，根据权重系数优化聚类指标，对2021年地膜残留污染数据进行聚类分析。结果表明：不同地块面积、距村距离、覆膜年限、覆膜比例影响因素下地膜残留量差异极显著（P＜0.01），权重系数分别为 0.200、0.315、0.265、0.220。优化聚类指标后的 K-means聚类分析将新疆地区地膜污染数据分为四类，地膜残留量第Ⅰ类＜第Ⅱ类＜第Ⅲ类＜第Ⅳ类，地膜平均残留量依次为63、100、110、135 kg·hm-2，聚类分析的结果符合客观实际，且受到地膜残留影响因素影响。依据聚类结果的地膜残留量划分出低污染、中污染、高污染三个强度等级，不同级别之间具有明显的分布差异。研究表明：新疆地区农田地膜总体污染强度呈现中部高、南北低的分布状态，应重视高污染等级的点位和地区，有针对性地采取相应管理措施，加快地膜残留污染治理进程，进而保护农业可持续发展。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to investigate the intensity and distribution of plastic film residue pollution in the Xinjiang region, 625 valid locations in Xinjiang were selected for questionnaire surveys and on-site sampling. The entropy weight method and analytic hierarchy process were employed to combine weights for the influencing factors of plastic film residue, including plot area, distance from the village, years of film coverage, and proportion of film coverage. The weight coefficients were calculated as 0.200, 0.315, 0.265, and 0.220, respectively. Based on the optimized clustering indicators, a cluster analysis was conducted on the plastic film residue pollution data for the year 2021. The results showed that there were highly significant differences in plastic film residue amounts under the influence of different factors, including plot area, distance from the village, years of film coverage, and proportion of film coverage（P＜0.01）. The weight coefficients played a crucial role, with the plastic film residue quantities ranking as follows：ClassⅠ＜Class Ⅱ＜Class Ⅲ＜Class Ⅳ. The corresponding average residue amounts were 63, 100, 110 kg·hm-2, and 135 kg·hm-2, respectively. The clustering analysis results were consistent with objective reality and were influenced by the factors affecting plastic film residue. Based on the clustering results of plastic film residue levels, we divided them into three intensity levels：low pollution, moderate pollution, and high pollution, exhibiting distinct distribution differences among the levels. The study indicated that the overall pollution intensity in the Xinjiang region followed a“higher in central areas, lower in northern and southern areas”distribution pattern. It is important to pay attention to locations and regions with high pollution levels and implement targeted management measures to accelerate the plastic film residue pollution control process, thereby safeguarding the sustainable development of agriculture. |
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