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| 不同CO2浓度和氮肥水平对稻田呼吸速率的影响 |
| Effects of different CO2 concentrations and nitrogen levels on the respiration rate of paddy field |
| 投稿时间：2023-05-27 修订日期：2023-08-02 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2023.0337 |
| 中文关键词: CO2浓度，氮肥，呼吸速率，稻田，静态暗箱，气相色谱 |
| 英文关键词: CO2 concentration, nitrogen fertilizer, respiration rate, paddy field, static closed chamber gas chromatography |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42071023，41775152） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为研究不同CO2浓度和氮肥水平对稻田呼吸速率的影响，利用12个开顶式气室开展田间试验，CO2浓度设置对照（CK，自由大气CO2浓度）、CO2浓度比CK增加120 μmol·mol-1（C1）和200 μmol·mol-1 （C2）3个水平，氮肥设置低氮（N1，15 g·m-2）和常规氮肥（N2，25 g·m-2）2个水平，试验共6种处理。结果表明：在相同施氮水平下，在灌浆期和蜡熟期，C1N1比CKN1处理的呼吸速率分别下降了23.4%（P=0.045）和49.1%（P=0.010）；在抽穗期和灌浆期，C2N2比CKN2处理的呼吸速率分别升高了12.3%（P=0.009）和16.8%（P=0.047）。同一CO2浓度下，不同施氮水平处理的呼吸速率表现为N2＞N1，且在拔节期和抽穗期达到显著水平，在灌浆期达到极显著水平；其中在灌浆期和蜡熟期，C1N1比 C1N2处理的呼吸速率分别下降了 31.1%（P=0.004）和 42.7%（P=0.010）。研究表明，大气CO2浓度升高对稻田呼吸速率的影响因生育时期而异，氮肥减施可以降低稻田呼吸速率及CO2累积释放量。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the effects of different CO2 concentrations and nitrogen fertilizer levels on the respiration rate of paddy fields, a field experiment was conducted using 12 open-top chambers. Three levels of CO2 concentration were set：the control（CK, ambient atmospheric CO2 concentration）, and CO2 concentrations increased by 120 μmol·mol-1（C1）and 200 μmol·mol-1（C2）compared with CK. Nitrogen fertilizer was set at two levels：low nitrogen application（N1, 15 g·m-2）and conventional nitrogen fertilizer（N2, 25 g·m-2）, with a total of 6 treatments in the experiment. The results showed that under the same nitrogen application level, the respiration rate of the C1N1 treatment decreased by 23.4%（P=0.045）and 49.1%（P=0.010）compared with the CKN1 treatment at the filling stage and wax ripening stage, respectively. During the heading and grain-filling stages, the respiration rates of the C2N2 treatment increased by 12.3%（P=0.009）and 16.8%（P=0.047）compared with the CKN2 treatment, respectively. Under the same level of CO2 concentration, the respiration rates of different nitrogen application levels showed that N2＞N1 and showed a significant level during the elongation and heading stages and an extremely significant level during the grain filling stage. In the grain filling and wax ripening stages, the respiration rates of C1N1 treatment decreased by 31.1%（P=0.004）and 42.7%（P=0.010）, respectively, compared with C1N2 treatment. This paper demonstrates that the effect of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration on the respiration rate of paddy fields varies with the growth period, and nitrogen fertilizer reduction can reduce the respiration rate and CO2 accumulation in paddy fields. |
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