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| 乡村生态景观规划视角下中国外来入侵植物风险评估研究现状 |
| Current status of research on invasive risk assessment of alien plants in China from the perspective of rural ecological landscape planning |
| 投稿时间：2023-03-01 修订日期：2023-07-07 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2023.0120 |
| 中文关键词: 外来植物，入侵植物，风险评估，乡村生态，景观规划 |
| 英文关键词: alien plant, invasive plant, risk assessment, rural ecology, landscape planning |
| 基金项目:中国农业科学院科技创新工程 (2023-CAAS-CXGC-SRG); 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所基础前沿项目 (2022-jcqyrw-mtt) |
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| 全文下载次数: 2020 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 本研究从乡村生态景观规划视角，基于中国知网公开发表的外来入侵植物风险评估研究文献，通过信息挖掘与统计方法，归纳总结了外来入侵植物风险评估方法、评估指标体系、研究区分布和高风险外来入侵植物的研究现状。结果显示：目前国内对外来入侵植物风险评估的主流方法为有害生物风险分析法、多指标综合评价法和层次分析法；评价指标的权重计算以层次分析法计算判断矩阵为主，评价指标使用频次（大于10次）从高到低依次为危害与影响、防控难度、扩散能力、环境适应性和传入分析等10项；研究区域的空间尺度涉及全国、省级、市级、县级、乡镇级和其他，主要以省级和市级尺度的研究为主；评估结果为高风险（出现频次≥10次）的外来入侵植物包括小蓬草、一年蓬、凤眼莲、空心莲子草、反枝苋和加拿大一枝黄花等18种。研究表明，应基于景观生态学、入侵生态学、环境影响评价学以及环境规划学等多学科理论基础，构建外来入侵植物风险评估评价指标体系，利用气候参数、土壤和水环境质量等观测数据和3S技术，结合外来植物适生区预测模型、生态位模型、景观格局指数、生物多样性指数和生态指数等，开展外来入侵植物生态风险评估，为乡村生态景观规划提供补充依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study summarizes risk assessment methods, assessment index systems, distribution of study areas, and high-risk invasive alien plant species based on literature available in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure on the perspective of risk assessment of invasive alien plants in rural ecological landscape planning using information mining and statistical methods. The results showed that the mainstream risk assessment methods for invasive alien plants in China were pest risk analysis, multi-indicator comprehensive evaluation method, and analytic hierarchy process. The weight calculation of indicators for evaluation was based on the judgment matrix calculated using the analytic hierarchy process. The indicators for evaluation were used in the order of frequency（occurrence frequency>10）from the highest to the lowest 10 items, such as hazard and impact, prevention and control difficulty, dispersal ability, environmental adaptability, differential analysis, etc. The study encompassed national, provincial, municipal, county, township, and other levels of spatial scale, but focused mainly at the provincial and municipal levels. The invasive alien plants assessed to be at high risk（occurrence frequency≥10 times） included 18 species including Conyza canadensis（L.） Cronquist, Erigeron annuus（L.） Pers., Eichhornia crassipes（Mart.） Solms, Alternanthera philoxeroides（Mart.）Griseb., Amaranthus retroflexus L., and Solidago canadensis L.. The study showed that based on the multidisciplinary theoretical basis of landscape ecology, invasion ecology, environmental impact assessment, and environmental planning, an evaluation index system for alien invasion risk assessment should be constructed. The ecological risk assessment of alien invasive plants should be performed using observation data such as climate parameters, soil and water environmental quality, and 3S technology, combined with alien plant habitat prediction models, ecological niche models, landscape pattern indices, biodiversity indices, and ecological indices, to provide a supplementary basis for rural ecological landscape planning. |
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