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| 施用南荻生物炭对水稻养分利用特征的影响 |
| Effects of the application of biochar derived from Triarrhena lutarioriparia on nutrient utilization characteristics in rice |
| 投稿时间：2022-06-21 修订日期：2022-08-19 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2022.0393 |
| 中文关键词: 南荻，生物炭，水稻，土壤，养分累积，肥炭耦合 |
| 英文关键词: Triarrhena lutarioriparia, biochar, rice, soil, nutrient utilization, fertilizer and carbon coupling |
| 基金项目:湖南省重点研发计划项目（2019NK2021）；国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0800500） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为实现南荻秸秆炭化利用，缓解洞庭湖区因秸秆处置不当造成的环境压力，评估南荻生物炭农用增效潜力，本研究选用南方第四纪红土母质发育的红黄泥和花岗岩母质发育的麻砂泥水稻土，设置6个不同用量的南荻秸秆生物炭处理（质量比0、1%、2%、4%、6%和8%，0~20 cm土层），采用水稻盆栽试验，探究南荻秸秆生物炭不同施用量对两种类型土壤水稻养分利用特征的影响。结果表明，南荻秸秆生物炭不同施用量和土壤类型对水稻各器官及地上部干物质累积、养分吸收均有影响。与不添加生物炭相比，添加生物炭处理下的麻砂泥和红黄泥水稻地上部干质量分别提高了0.6%~18.6%和15.5%~42.4%；添加4%生物炭的麻砂泥水稻地上部氮、磷和钾养分累积量分别提高了 8.6%、10.5%和 82.5%，红黄泥水稻分别提高了 33.8%、100.0%和 125.3%；二次回归方程与肥炭耦合模型拟合表明，麻砂泥和红黄泥水稻氮素利用的生物炭适宜添加量分别为2.51%和4.80%，磷素利用的生物炭适宜添加量分别为 4.33%和 7.03%，钾素利用的生物炭适宜添加量分别为 4.67%和 4.81%。因此，施用南荻生物炭有利于促进水稻氮磷钾养分累积和生长，生物炭添加量与土壤条件是影响肥炭耦合效应的重要影响因素。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To achieve the carbonization utilization of Triarrhena lutarioriparia straw and relieve the environmental pressure caused by improper disposal in the Dongting Lake area, the agricultural efficiency of biochar derived from Triarrhena lutarioriparia was clarified. Two typical paddy soils in southern China, namely reddish clayey soil developed from a Quaternary laterite parent material and granitic sandy soil developed from a granite parent material, were selected. Six treatments with different dosage of biochar（0, 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% of the soil mass，0-20 cm soil depth）were set. Rice pot experiments were conducted in 2020 to study the effects of different application rates of Triarrhena lutarioriparia biochar on rice nutrient utilization characteristics in two typical soils. The results showed different application rates of Triarrhena lutarioriparia biochar and soil types had certain effects on dry matter accumulation and nutrient uptake by rice organs and aboveground structures. With the addition of biochar, compared with the treatment without biochar, the accumulation of dry matter of rice increased from 0.6% to 18.6% and from 15.5% to 42.4% in the granitic sandy soil and reddish clayey soil, respectively. With the addition of 4% biochar, the accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients in the rice plant of the treatment increased by 8.6%, 10.5%, and 82.5% in the granitic sandy soil and by 33.8%, 100.0%, and 125.3% in the reddish clayey soil, respectively. The quadratic regression equation and fertilizer–carbon coupling model fitting showed that the optimal addition amounts of biochar in the granitic sandy soil and reddish clayey soil were 2.51% and 4.80% for nitrogen utilization, 4.33% and 7.03% for phosphorus utilization, and 4.67% and 4.81% for potassium utilization, respectively. Therefore, the application of Triarrhena lutarioriparia biochar is conducive to promoting the accumulation and growth of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients in rice, and the amount of biochar added and soil conditions are important factors affecting the coupling effect of fertilizer and carbon. |
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