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| 不同玉米品种对镉积累和转运差异研究 |
| Differences in cadmium accumulation and translocation in different varieties of Zea mays |
| 投稿时间：2021-09-07 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2021.0600 |
| 中文关键词: 玉米，镉，积累，转运，筛选 |
| 英文关键词: Zea mays, cadmium, accumulation, translocation, screening |
| 基金项目:安徽省自然科学基金项目 （1908085MC69） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 张宁 | 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 | | | 陶荣浩 | 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 | | | 张慧敏 | 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 | | | 周晓天 | 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 | | | 高灿红 | 安徽农业大学农学院, 合肥 230036 | | | 胡兆云 | 铜陵市义安区农业技术推广中心, 安徽 铜陵 244100 | | | 马友华 | 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 | yhma@ahau.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨玉米对Cd积累和转运的种间差异，本研究以50个玉米品种为材料开展田间试验。通过聚类分析法筛选籽粒Cd高、中、低积累的品种，选择代表性品种分析植株各器官对Cd的富集和转运系数。结果表明： 50个玉米品种籽粒Cd含量范围为0.09~0.85 mg·kg-1，均符合国家饲料卫生标准，所有品种籽粒对Cd的富集系数均小于1。籽粒Cd高、中、低积累3类玉米品种分别占供试品种的8%（4个）、34%（17个）和58%（29个）。高、中、低积累代表品种根、茎叶、芯、籽粒对土壤中Cd的富集系数均小于1，高、中、低积累代表品种茎叶和籽粒对Cd的转运系数分别为1.17~1.31和0.60~0.76、0.90~0.96和0.26~0.27、0.84~0.87和0.08~0.10。高、中和低积累代表品种对土壤中Cd富集能力较强的部位分别为茎叶、根和根，且茎叶和籽粒对Cd转运能力依次降低。研究表明，50个玉米品种均可在严格管控类耕地种植生产饲料玉米，其中新单58、美加303等29个籽粒Cd低积累优势品种可在优先保护类和安全利用类耕地试种，生产安全可食用玉米。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the differences in cadmium（Cd）bioaccumulation and translocation between maize varieties and to screen maize varieties with low seed Cd accumulation, a field experiment was carried out with 50 varieties of maize. Maize varieties with high, medium, and low accumulation of Cd in seeds were screened using cluster analysis. Representative varieties were selected to analyze the bioaccumulation and translocation factors of Cd in different plant organs. The results showed that the seed Cd content of the 50 maize varieties ranged from 0.09 to 0.85 mg·kg-1, which meets the national feed hygiene standard. The bioaccumulation factor of Cd in the seeds of varieties was <1. According to cluster analysis, three types of maize with high, medium, and low accumulation were obtained, accounting for 8%（4） , 34%（17） , and 58%（29）of the tested varieties, respectively. The bioaccumulation factors of Cd in soil by roots, shoots, corncobs, and seeds of high-, medium-, and low-accumulation representative varieties were <1, and the translocation factors of Cd in shoots and seeds were 1.17~1.31, 0.60~0.76; 0.90~0.96, 0.26~0.27; and 0.84~0.87, 0.08~0.10, respectively. The parts that exhibited a stronger Cd accumulation ability in the soil of representative high-, medium-, and low-accumulation maize varieties were shoots, roots, and roots, respectively, and the ability of shoots and seeds to transport Cd decreased sequentially. All 50 maize varieties were planted on strictly controlled cultivated land to produce maize feed. Among them, 29 dominant varieties with low accumulation of Cd in seeds, including Xindan 58 and Meijia 303, can be tested for priority protection and safe utilization of cultivated land to produce safe edible maize. |
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