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| 控释尿素不同施用条件下冬小麦产量和氮素利用效应 |
| Effects of Controlled Release Urea on Wheat Yield and Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency Under Different Applied Conditions |
| 投稿时间：2013-10-26 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2013.0185 |
| 中文关键词: 包膜控释尿素 产量 氮素利用效应 经济效益 冬小麦 |
| 英文关键词: coated controlled-release urea(CRU) yield Nitrogen utilization economic benefit winter wheat |
| 基金项目:安徽省农业科学院学科建设项目(13A1003);公益性行业科研专项(201203013);国家“十二五”科技支撑计划重点项目(2011BAD16B06) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用田间试验方法研究了控释尿素不同施用条件对冬小麦产量、氮素利用和经济效益的影响。试验共设7个处理,即CK(空白处理,不施氮肥)、100%PU10/0(普通尿素全量基施,N 240 kg·hm-2)、100%PU6/4(60%的普通尿素基施、40%的普通尿素于拔节期追施,N 240 kg·hm-2)、80%PU6/4(60%的普通尿素基施、40%的普通尿素于拔节期追施,N 192 kg·hm-2))、100%CRU(全量树脂包膜控释尿素基施,N 240 kg·hm-2))、80%CRU(80%树脂包膜控释尿素基施,N 192 kg·hm-2))和40%CRU+40%PU(40%树脂包膜控释尿素+40%的普通尿素基施,N 192 kg·hm-2)。结果表明,无论是产量效应还是氮素利用效应,树脂包膜控释尿素(CRU)处理总体优于普通尿素(PU)处理,尤其树脂包膜控释尿素和普通尿素配施(40%CRU+40%PU)效果最佳,以7 709 kg·hm-2)的产量、36.44%的氮肥吸收利用率、15 946元·hm-2)的相对净收入达到处理间最高水平。该处理在减少氮素投入量的情况下,不仅促进了冬小麦增产,而且显著提高了肥料的利用率,拥有较高的产投比。因此,树脂包膜控释尿素和普通尿素的配施处理(40%CRU+40%PU)是本试验条件下最优的氮肥处理。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The field trial was conducted to study the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer applications on winter wheat yield, nitrogen utilization efficiency and economic benefit. 7 treatments were designed as CK(no nitrogen fertilizer applied), 100%PU10/0(conventional urea applied before sowing, N rate was 240 kg·hm-2), 100%PU6/4(conventional urea applied before sowing and at jointing with the ratio of 6∶4, N rate was 240 kg·hm-2), 80%PU6/4(conventional urea applied before sowing and at jointing with the ratio of 6∶4, N rate was 192 kg·hm-2), 100%CRU(resin coated controlled release urea applied before sowing, N rate was 240 kg·hm-2), 80%CRU(resin coated controlled release urea applied before sowing, N rate was 192 kg·hm-2), and 40%CRU+40%PU(resin coated controlled release urea and conventional urea applied before sowing, N rate was 192 kg·hm-2). The results showed that no matter on the efficiency of yield or that of nitrogen, resin coated controlled-release urea(CRU) was better when compared with conventional urea(PU). Especially, the combined application treatment(40%CRU+40%PU)was the best with achieving the highest wheat yield of 7 709 kg·hm-2, the highest N fertilizer utilization efficiency of 36.44% and the maximum net income of 15 946 yuan·hm-2. And it could not only increase winter wheat yield with reducing the nitrogen fertilizer application, but also improve N fertilizer utilization efficiency and owe the highest ratio of output to input. Therefore, the combined application of the resin coated controlled-release urea and conventional urea(40%CRU+40%PU)was the optimal nitrogen fertilizer treatment under the conditions of this experiment. |
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