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| Effects of tri-n-butyl phosphate on typical invertebrate springtails (Folsomia candida) in soil |
| Received:September 13, 2024 |
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| KeyWord:organophosphate esters;soil springtails;gene expression;multigenerational exposure;toxicity effects and mechanisms |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LEI Jingcheng | School of Environment, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110044 China
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100020, China | | | WANG Weiran | School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China | | | GUO Fei | State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100020, China | | | HOU Hong | State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100020, China | | | LIN Xianglong | State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100020, China | m15110038821@163.com | | XU Chengbin | School of Environment, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110044 China | xuchengbin80@163.com |
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| Abstract: |
| To evaluate the potential effects of common organophosphate esters on typical ecological receptor in soil, the model species springtails（Folsomia candida）was exposed to soil contaminated with tri-n-butyl phosphate（TnBP）at environmental concentrations of 0, 0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg·kg-1. Responses of individual（growth, survival, and reproduction）and molecular（gene expression）level endpoints were measured. Results showed that after the first - generational exposure, the body weight and reproduction of springtails were significantly and abnormally increased in the 0.1 mg·kg-1 treatment group, and 816 genes showed differential expression（the most were upregulated）. Pathways such as extracellular matrix（ECM）- receptor interaction and steroid hormone biosynthesis were significantly enhanced. After the fifth-generational exposure in the 0.1 mg · kg-1 treatment, the body weight and reproduction were significantly decreased, and 2 238 genes showed differential expression（the most were down-regulated）. Glutathione metabolism and the abovementioned two pathways were significantly inhibited, moreover, carbohydrate metabolism-related pathways（glycolysis / gluconeogenesis, pyruvate metabolism, and citric acid cycle）were significantly disrupted. This study has shown that the ecological toxicity of TnBP to springtails at environmentally relevant low concentrations cannot be ignored. Continuous multi-generational long-term exposure toxicity testing can provide more basis for toxicity risk assessment of pollutants. |
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