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| Effects of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on lodging resistance in rice under the elevated ozone concentration |
| Received:October 29, 2024 |
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| KeyWord:ozone;rice;FACE;combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers;lodging |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | WANG Shenglei | School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing 210044, China | | | SHANG Bo | School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing 210044, China | | | HE Longxin | School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing 210044, China | | | SHAO Zaisheng | Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China | | | FENG Zhaozhong | School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing 210044, China | zhaozhong.feng@nuist.edu.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| The research investigated the combined effects of organic-inorganic fertilizer application on the lodging resistance traits of rice under elevated O3 concentration, which can contribute to the development of targeted fertilization strategies aimed at enhancing crop yield and mitigating the detrimental effects of O3 on crop production. The study used the hybrid rice cultivar Huiliangyou 898 and the inbred rice cultivar Nanjing 9108, and employed a Free-Air Concentration Enrichment（FACE）system to establish two O3 concentration treatments （A-O3：ambient O3 concentration, E-O3：1.5 times ambient O3 concentration）. Each O3 treatment included the conventional practice of inorganic N applied by local farmers（Ino：the inorganic nitrogen（N）application rate was 270 kg·hm-2）and combined organic-inorganic fertilizer treatment（Com：inorganic N 189 kg·hm-2+5 000 kg·hm-2 of chicken manure）. The lodging resistance traits and stem traits related to lodging were measured and analyzed. The results indicated that when averaging the two rice cultivars, elevated O3 significantly reduced the pushing resistance of rice in the experiment, with reductions of 18.7% in intact plants and 12.0% in single stems, respectively, increased the lodging index of internodes（12.1% on average for the third internode, 11.5% on average for the fourth internode）. Elevated O3 also significantly decreased various basal internode traits, including internode breaking resistance, cross section area, and dry weight per unit length. The most substantial reductions were observed in internode breaking resistance（average 23.8%）and cross- sectional area （average 13.9%）. These results suggested that elevated O3 increased the risk of rice lodging. Compared to the Ino treatment, the Com treatment significantly enhanced the intact plant and the single stem pushing resistance of two rice cultivars in the experiment（10.7% on average for the intact plant and 16.7% on average for the single stem）, reduced the lodging index of internodes（11.6% on average for the third internode, 8.6% on average for the fourth internode）. The Com treatment also significantly increased the basal internode traits, such as, internode breaking resistance, culm wall thickness and dry weight per unit length. The most significant improvements were observed in internode breaking resistance（average 21.6%）and dry weight per unit length（average 13.9%）. These results indicate that the Com treatment have a positive impact on the lodging resistance of rice. In addition, the correlation analysis results suggested that there were significant differences between the lodging resistance and the basal internode traits of different rice cultivars. There was no significant difference in lodging response between the two rice cultivars under elevated O3 concentrations and combined organic-inorganic fertilizer treatments. The interaction effects of elevated O3 concentration and fertilization treatments on the lodging parameters of the two rice cultivars were not significant, indicating that the short-term combined application of organic-inorganic fertilizers was not sufficient to offset the exacerbating effect of E-O3 on rice lodging. |
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