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| Evolution and prospects of agricultural non-point source pollution control technologies in China |
| Received:March 31, 2025 |
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| KeyWord:agricultural non-point source pollution;governance technologies;intelligent decision-making;artificial intelligence |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | HOU Pengfu | Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | | | ZHAO Xu | Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China | | | XUE Lihong | Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | njxuelihong@gmail.com | | YANG Linzhang | Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| This paper systematically reviews the evolution of agricultural non-point source pollution（ANSP）control technologies in China and looks forward to the innovative directions by incorporating emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence（AI）and the internet of things. A retrospective analysis identified that the related research before 1990 was primarily focused on theoretical and cognitive discussions as the issue emerged. In 2011, a systematic control theory for ANSP control was proposed, addressing the gap in the governance field that lacked theoretical guidance. Since 2021, the iteration of ANSP control technologies driven by model decision-making and intelligent equipment has noticeably accelerated. Notably, extensive research was conducted from the 1991 to the 2010 on various aspects such as farmland nutrient management, drainage interception and purification, and water environment restoration. However, the visualization knowledge map analysis of the literature keywords revealed no clear clustering of governance technologies in the field, highlighting the lack of theoretical guidance during this period. Based on these findings, the evolution of ANSP control technologies in China can be divided into four stages：the emergence and understanding of ANSP issues（1970—1990）, the accumulation of ANSP occurrence theories and single control technologies（1991—2010）, the formation of systematic control ideas and the overall governance system（2011—2020）, and technological innovation driven by model decision-making and intelligent equipment（2021—present）. With the continued breakthroughs in AI, future efforts should focus on interdisciplinary research in areas such as real-time early warning and tracing of pollution risks, hierarchical decision-making for pollution control, collaborative prevention and control of multiple pollutants, and the development of autonomous decision-making“ANSP robots”. These efforts will facilitate the transformation of ANSP governance from“passive control”to“active prevention”, driving paradigm innovation of ANSP governance in China. |
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