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| Effects of nitrogen reduction by organic manure substitution under side-deep fertilization on nitrogen loss and nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency in ratoon rice paddy field |
| Received:September 29, 2024 |
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| KeyWord:ratoon rice;side-deep application of fertilizer;controlled-release urea;organic fertilizer;ammonia volatilization;nitrogen use efficiency |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | FENG Tao | Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Industrialization of Major Grain Crops, School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434200, China | | | YU Qing | Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Industrialization of Major Grain Crops, School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434200, China | | | DING Zijuan | Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Industrialization of Major Grain Crops, School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434200, China | | | KE Na | Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Industrialization of Major Grain Crops, School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434200, China | | | ZHU Jie | Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xiangyang 441000, China | | | NIE Jiangwen | Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Industrialization of Major Grain Crops, School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434200, China | | | ZHU Bo | Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Industrialization of Major Grain Crops, School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434200, China | | | JIANG Mengdie | Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Industrialization of Major Grain Crops, School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434200, China | mdjiang@yangtzeu.edu.cn | | LIU Zhangyong | Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Industrialization of Major Grain Crops, School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434200, China | lzy1331@hotmail.com |
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| Abstract: |
| To explore the effects of one-time side-deep application of controlled-release urea combined with organic fertilizer substitution and nitrogen reduction on nitrogen loss, nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate, and yield in ratoon rice fields, and to provide a theoretical basis for formulating high-efficiency fertilization techniques for ratoon rice, a field plot experiment was conducted at the Experimental Station of Yangtze University in Jingzhou City, using the ratoon rice variety Fengliangyouxiang NO.1 as the tested variety. The experiment consisted of five fertilization regimes：conventional fractional application of ordinary urea（280 kg N·hm-2）（FFP）; One-time deep application of controlled-release urea（280 kg N·hm-2）（CRU）; one-time deep application of controlled-release urea combined with organic fertilizer （280 kg N·hm-2）（OF+CRU1）; one-time deep application of controlled-release urea combined with organic fertilizer at a 10% N reduction （252 kg N·hm-2）（OF+CRU2）; one-time deep application of controlled-release urea combined with organic fertilizer at a 20% N reduction （224 kg N·hm-2）（OF+CRU3）. The results showed that, compared with FFP treatment, the total ammonia volatilization and inorganic nitrogen（NH4+ -N and NO3--N）leakage loss of the four controlled-release urea treatments. The results showed that, compared with FFP treatment, the total ammonia volatilization of the four controlled-release urea treatments（CRU, OF+CRU1, OF+CRU2 and OF+CRU3） decreased by 73.18%, 75.20%, 78.51% and 81.89%, respectively, and the leakage loss of inorganic nitrogen（NH4+-N+NO3--N) decreased by 57.40%, 62.99%, 68.40% and 74.98%, respectively. Compared with the controlled-release urea treatment（CRU) alone, the total ammonia volatilization of organic fertilizer partially replaced nitrogen fertilizer（OF+CRU1, OF+CRU2 and OF+CRU3）was reduced by 13.11%, 25.83% and 41.26%, respectively, and the inorganic nitrogen leakage loss was reduced by 7.53%, 19.85% and 29.85%, respectively. Compared with FFP treatment, the nitrogen uptake of the four controlled-release urea treatments increased by 10.27%, 37.44%, 27.22% and 9.10%, respectively, the nitrogen uptake and use efficiency increased by 9.3 percentage points, 34 percentage points, 32.6 percentage points and 21.8 percentage points, the nitrogen agronomic use efficiency increased by 1 percentage point, 5.3 percentage points, 7.40 percentage points and 4.8 percentage points, and the partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer increased by 2.22%, 11.98%, 24.07% and 27.13%, respectively. Compared with CRU, the nitrogen uptake and utilization efficiency of organic fertilizer partially replaced nitrogen fertilizer treatment increased by 24.7 percentage points, 23.2 percentage points and 12.5 percentage points, nitrogen fertilizer agronomic use efficiency increased by 4.3 percentage points, 6.4 percentage points and 3.8 percentage points, respectively, and nitrogen partial productivity increased by 9.55%, 21.38% and 24.37%, respectively. Compared with FFP treatment, the total yield of controlled-release urea treatment on the four sides increased by 2.20%, 12.00%, 11.67% and 1.71%, and the total yield of OF+CRU1 and OF+CRU2 increased by 12.00% and 11.67%, respectively. The above results show that one-time deep application of controlled-release urea combined with organic fertilizer at a 10% N reduction was an effective fertilization measure to reduce nitrogen fertilizer quantity and nitrogen loss, increase nitrogen use efficiency and rice yield in ratoon rice paddy fields. |
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