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| Impact of co-application of controlled-release fertilizer and urea on soil N2O emissions during the wheatgrowing season in the Taihu Lake basin |
| Received:December 13, 2024 |
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| KeyWord:controlled-release fertilizer;co-application;N2O emission;yield;wheat |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | WEI Xinyue | Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration(ECSS-CMA), Jiangsu Provincial University Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology, School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China | | | JI Yang | Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration(ECSS-CMA), Jiangsu Provincial University Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology, School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China | jiyang@nuist.edu.cn | | MA Jing | State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture/Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China | | | ZHANG Guangbin | State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture/Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China | | | XU Hua | State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture/Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| This study conducted field in situ observational experiments using closed static chambers to investigate the effects of different application rates of controlled-release fertilizer（0, 200, 270 kg · hm-2）and their co-application with urea at different ratios（urea to controlled-release fertilizer ratios of 3∶7 and 1.5∶8.5）on N2O emissions, soil physicochemical factors, and wheat yield in the winter wheat cropping system of the Taihu Lake basin. The objective was to identify the optimal nitrogen fertilizer application measures for N2O mitigation and yield enhancement in the winter wheat cropping system of the Taihu Lake basin. The results showed that under sole application treatments of urea and controlled-release fertilizers, soil N2O emissions, N2O emissions per unit yield, wheat yield, and straw biomass all increased with the increment of nitrogen application. At the same nitrogen application rate（200 kg·hm-2 and 270 kg·hm-2）, compared with urea treatment, controlled-release fertilizer significantly reduced soil N2O emission by 21.4% and 86.1% in the growing season of wheat, and increased wheat yield by 21.6% and 23.9%, which in turn reduced N2O emission per unit of yield. Under coapplication treatments（urea to controlled-release fertilizer ratios of 3∶7 and 1.5∶8.5）, soil N2O emissions and N2O emissions per unit yield during the wheat growing season decreased with the increased proportion of controlled-release fertilizers, while wheat yield and straw biomass increased. Compared to the urea treatment, different treatments of controlled-release fertilizer and urea reduced soil N2O emissions by 16.8% and 29.0% during the growing season, and increased wheat yield by 18.4% and 19.8%, which in turn reduced N2O emissions per unit of yield. The lowest N2O emissions per unit yield were observed when urea and controlled-release fertilizers were co-applied at a ratio of 1.5∶8.5. Soil N2O emission fluxes during the wheat growing season were significantly positively correlated with soil temperature and NH+4-N concentration, and not significantly correlated with soil water-filled pore space. Therefore, considering both N2O emissions and wheat yield, an application rate of 200 kg·hm-2, with urea and controlled-release fertilizers co-applied at a ratio of 1.5∶8.5, is recommended as an optimal application strategy for controlled-release fertilizers in the winter wheat cropping system of the Taihu Lake basin. |
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